的

Pinyin: de | Core Meaning: A structural particle marking possession, modification, or emphasis; also used as a pronoun or noun.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 用作结构助词，表示修饰关系，如定语后面；也可表示所属、强调或作名词。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): A structural particle marking possession, modification, or emphasis; also used as a pronoun or noun.

“的”在现代汉语中最常见的用法是作为结构助词，主要放在定语和中心词之间，如“我的书”、“漂亮的花”。此外，有时“的”表示所属关系，也可单独作代词（如“是我的”）或名词（如“有的喜欢，有的不喜欢”）。 In modern Chinese, '的' is most commonly used as a structural particle placed between a modifier and a noun, as in '我的书' (my book) or '漂亮的花' (beautiful flower). It also expresses possession or belonging, sometimes stands alone as a pronoun (e.g. '是我的' – it's mine) or as a noun (e.g. 'Some like it, some don't').

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“的”由“白”和“勺”构成。“白”表示纯净、目标；“勺”原指盛物的器具。整体表现‘的物’、目标之意，后来引申虚化为结构助词。'的' is composed of '白' (white, symbolizing purity or target) and '勺' (a ladle or spoon). The structure originally depicted an object of focus or a target, and later evolved to abstract use as a structural particle.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

在文言文中，“的”常指目标、猎物。如“的的（dí dí）”比喻明显、准确。结构助词用法直到更晚期才普及。In Classical Chinese, '的' most often referred to a target or prey. The use as a structural particle became common much later.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“的”原本不是结构助词，而是一个表示目标的名词（如猎物）。最早的“的”有“白”的含义，与目标、纯净有关。后来演变为结构助词，其含义逐渐虚化，用以连接形容词、名词等。Originally, '的' was not a structural particle but a noun meaning 'target' or 'prey.' Early forms also carried the meaning 'white,' associated with purity and goals. Over time, it evolved into a particle, losing its concrete meaning and being used to connect modifiers with nouns.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“的”字罕见，通常表示目标、猎物，形态上由“白”和“勺”组合，中间留空。 In Oracle Bone Script, '的' was rare and mainly indicated 'target' or 'prey.' Its form combines '白' (white) and '勺' (spoon), with an empty center.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“的”结构更完整，且“白”部明显，代表目标或物体。 In Bronze Inscription, '的' appeared more complete, with the '白' component prominent, representing a target or object.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆体“的”结构趋于规整，上为“白”，下为“勺”，字形更加制度化。 In Small Seal Script, '的' became more orderly: '白' on top, '勺' at the bottom, and the shape became standardized.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“的”笔画展开，较为平直，基本结构与现代楷书类似。 In Clerical Script, '的' gained more horizontal strokes and a flattened look; its basic structure is close to modern script.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书“的”字形已定型，上为“白”表示纯净、目标，下为“勺”本为盛物之器。 In modern regular script, '的' has a settled structure: '白' (white, symbolizing purity or aim) above, '勺' (ladle or container) below.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

我的 (my; mine)

wǒ de

这是我的书。

Pinyin: Zhè shì wǒ de shū.

Eng: This is my book.

漂亮的 (beautiful (used as an attributive modifier))

piàoliang de

她有一双漂亮的眼睛。

Pinyin: Tā yǒu yì shuāng piàoliang de yǎnjīng.

Eng: She has beautiful eyes.

有的 (some (of them))

yǒu de

有的人喜欢，有的人不喜欢。

Pinyin: Yǒu de rén xǐhuān, yǒu de rén bù xǐhuān.

Eng: Some people like it, some people don't.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: de (particule possessive ou de qualification)
  • German: von; (Partikel zur Attributbildung)
  • Spanish: de (partícula posesiva o atributiva)
  • Italian: di (particella possessiva o attributiva)
  • Portuguese: de (partícula de posse ou atributo)
  • Russian: де (притяжательная или описательная частица)
  • Arabic: ـِ (أداة للملكية أو الوصف)
  • Persian: ِ (حرف اضافه مالکیت یا توصیف)
  • Dutch: van (bezittelijk of attributief partikel)
  • Polish: de (partykuła dzierżawcza lub atrybutywna)
  • Vietnamese: của (trợ từ sở hữu, bổ nghĩa)
  • Ukrainian: де (присвійна або атрибутивна частка)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "的" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "的" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "的") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“的” 是现代汉语中使用频率最高的汉字，常用作结构助词，主要表示修饰、归属或判断。 “的” is the most frequently used Chinese character in modern Chinese, mainly functioning as a structural particle to indicate modification, possession, or judgment.

  • 核心含义：“的”常用在定语后和中心词之间，起到连接修饰成分的作用，如“漂亮的衣服”。 Core meaning: "的" commonly links a modifier (attribute) to the main word, e.g., "漂亮的衣服" ("beautiful clothes").

  • 起源与字形：“的”最早用作“目”和“勺”组合，后来引申为“目标、属性”。历史上也有“旳”的写法，两者音义相关。 Origin and form: "的" originally combined the radicals for “eye” and “spoon,” and its meaning later evolved to "target" or "attribute." The variant “旳” has the same pronunciation and similar meaning.

  • 特别用法与易混点：“的”与“地”、“得”常因发音相同（都读“de”）而混淆。一般来说，“的”用于名词前后作定语，“地”用于修饰动词的副词，而“得”用于补语结构。例如：“快乐的孩子”、“高兴地笑”、“唱得好”。 Special usage and confusion: “的”, “地”, and “得” are homophones (“de”), but with different grammatical roles. "的" is for attributives, "地" for adverbs, "得" for complements. E.g., “快乐的孩子” ("happy child"), “高兴地笑” ("smile happily"), “唱得好” ("sing well").

常见词语： 目的、的确、目的地。 Common words: 目的 (purpose), 的确 (indeed), 目的地 (destination).

成语/文化点： 在历史上，“的”也表示“目标”这一本义，现代多为语法词出现。 Idiom/cultural note: Historically, “的” meant “target” or “aim,” though in modern Chinese it is mainly used as a grammar word.

注：根据提取内容，关于“的”的象形来源与《说文解字》中的解析有争议，有详细研究见于汉字字源辞典，但提供的信息有限。 Note: The sources about “的”’s pictographic origins are somewhat disputed, detailed research can be found in specialized dictionaries, but information provided here is limited.

汉字字源辞典 - ced.newdu.com

汉字字源辞典收录7747条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

漢字探源：的字的來歷及其本義 - 每日頭條

的，，字，是現代漢語中使用頻率最高的字，沒有之一。 ... 不管是寫作「旳」，還是寫作「的」，從字源角度看，都是可解的，都是有道理的。 ... 無論是析形還是解義，顯然都錯了。 《說文解字注》就不贊同上述解析，認為白字是「西方色也。 ...

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