溺

Pinyin: nì | Core Meaning: to drown; to be immersed or indulge (often negatively) in something.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 淹死、沉入水中；也指沉迷于某事物不能自拔。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to drown; to be immersed or indulge (often negatively) in something.

“溺”在现代汉语中主要用于表示因落入水中而无法自救，导致死亡；引申义为过度沉迷于某种事物无法自拔，如“溺爱”。可作动词，亦可用于抽象含义。 In modern Chinese, '溺' primarily refers to drowning (being unable to escape from water and dying) and is often used as a verb. It also has an extended meaning of being overly indulged or immersed in something, as in the compound '溺爱' (excessive love/spoiling).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“溺”左边为‘氵’，表水，右边为‘弱’，表达因弱不敌水而沉溺其中之意，由此得“淹没、淹死”的本义。The left part '氵' represents water, while the right part '弱' implies weakness, together illustrating the meaning of being overpowered by water (i.e., to drown), which is the root meaning of the character.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指淹死；引申为沉溺、沉迷。Similar to modern meaning: mainly refers to drowning; also extended to mean obsession or being immersed.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“溺”字由“氵”（表示水）和“弱”组成，意为因弱而没入水中，引申为淹没或被水所困。从字形看，早期形态多表现人为水困之意。The character '溺' consists of the water radical '氵' (indicating water) and '弱' (weak), suggesting someone who is weak and consequently submerged in water. Its ancient forms often depicted the idea of a person trapped or helpless in water.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未直接见到“溺”字，但相关表达多借用“水”与“弱”两部分组合的形象。 The '溺' character does not appear directly in oracle bone script, but related expressions used combinations of the 'water' and 'weak' elements.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“溺”字结构已基本成形，左侧为‘水’，右侧是‘弱’的变体，有人被水包围、显得无力。 In bronze inscriptions, the structure of '溺' is already established, with 'water' on the left and a variant of 'weak' on the right, suggesting a person surrounded by water and appearing powerless.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“溺”字的结构更加规整，左边为三点水，右边为‘弱’的标准写法，字形纤细流畅。 In Small Seal Script, '溺' becomes more regular, featuring the three-dot water radical on the left and the standard form of 'weak' on the right, with a slender and flowing shape.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书阶段‘溺’字变得扁平化，笔画横向展开，易于书写，结构清晰。 In Clerical Script, '溺' becomes more flattened and horizontally extended, making strokes easier to write and the structure clear.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“溺”字由氵和弱组成，笔画清晰，结构紧凑，广泛用于日常书写。 In modern Regular Script, '溺' is composed of the water radical and the character 'weak', with clear strokes and a compact structure, used widely in daily writing.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

溺水 (to drown; drowning)

nì shuǐ

夏天游泳要注意安全，防止溺水。

Pinyin: Xiàtiān yóuyǒng yào zhùyì ānquán, fángzhǐ nìshuǐ.

Eng: Be careful when swimming in summer to prevent drowning.

溺爱 (to spoil (a child); to dote excessively)

nì ài

父母不能对孩子过分溺爱。

Pinyin: Fùmǔ bùnéng duì háizi guòfèn nì'ài.

Eng: Parents should not spoil their children excessively.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

数典忘祖 shǔ diǎn wàng zǔ

Meaning: to forget one's origins

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: se noyer; se laisser submerger
  • German: ertrinken; sich verlieren (in etwas)
  • Spanish: ahogarse; hundirse en
  • Italian: annegare; essere assorbito da
  • Portuguese: afogar-se; mergulhar em
  • Russian: утонуть; увлечься чем-либо
  • Arabic: غَرِقَ؛ انغمس في
  • Persian: غرق شدن؛ غرق چیزی شدن
  • Dutch: verdrinken; zich verliezen in
  • Polish: utonąć; zanurzać się w czymś
  • Vietnamese: chết đuối; chìm đắm vào
  • Ukrainian: втонувати; зануритися в щось

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "溺" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "溺" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "溺") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

溺的核心含义为“淹没、沉入水中”，本义指“人落入水里淹死”。 溺 mainly means "to drown" or "to be submerged in water," with its original sense being "a person falls into water and drowns."

  • 象形起源：溺字在甲骨文中由“水”及“人”组成，形象地表现了“人在水中”的情境，强调与水有关的危险（淹溺）。部分篆文中也用“弱”来表示水性不强的人被淹。 Pictographic origin: In oracle bone script, the character combines water (水) and person (人), vividly depicting a person in water. In some later scripts, the component for "weak" (弱) indicates someone not good at swimming drowning.
  • 常见用法与易混点：“溺”常用于“溺水”（to drown），成语有“溺水者”（drowning person），但要注意不要与“尿尿”的“溺”混淆（“溺”在古汉语、日语中亦有“小便”义）。 Common usage and confusion: "溺" is commonly used in phrases like "溺水" (to drown). Take care not to confuse it with the homograph that means "to urinate" in classical Chinese or Japanese.

常用词和成语：溺水（to drown）、溺爱（excessive doting, though the meaning extends figuratively to being overwhelmed by love or indulgence）。 Common words & idioms: "溺水" (to drown), "溺爱" (to be overly indulgent or spoiling someone, a figurative sense from 'being submerged by love').

注：“溺”的本义为溺水，部分字形和义项随时代演变。 Note: The primary meaning is drowning, but both the form and meanings have developed over time.

【溺】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

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甲骨文之字形作，從水、從人。篆文或作㲻，從水、從人；或作溺從水、弱聲。從水、從人，以示人沉溺於水。在六書中屬於異文會意。從水、弱聲，從水，表示與水相關；弱聲，表示音讀。在六書中屬於形聲。金文、戰國文字從上下文當釋為「溺」字。「㲻」為溺水的本字，「溺」本為水名，兩 ...

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