学习汉字 "民" (mín) - Learn Chinese Character "民"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 人民，百姓，公民

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): people, the common people, citizens

“民”多用于表示普通老百姓、国民，常见于“人民”、“市民”、“农民”等词中，常用作名词表示集体群体。 "民" is mainly used to refer to ordinary people, citizens, or the general public. It frequently appears in words like '人民' (the people), '市民' (city residents), '农民' (farmers), and is commonly used as a noun representing groups of people.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“民”是会意字，古文字形像一只被刺伤的眼睛，表示被制服的人，所以引申为百姓、人民。后来其含义淡化，用于泛指大众。'民' is an ideogram. The ancient form looks like an eye being pierced, signifying a conquered or subdued person. Over time, the meaning shifted to 'the people' or the general populace.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指百姓、一般人，有时也作动词使用，意为“使服从”或“归顺”。Similar to modern meaning: mainly refers to common people or subjects. In some classical texts, it also functions as a verb meaning 'to subdue' or 'to make submit.'

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“民”最早见于甲骨文，本义为“眼睛被刺伤的人”，用来指被征服、驯服的人群，后引申为普通百姓。字形上，古代“民”字形像一只眼睛中间有一道横划，表示眼睛受伤。The character '民' was first seen in oracle bone script. Its original meaning was 'a person whose eye has been injured or blinded,' symbolizing conquered or subdued people. Over time, it evolved to generally mean ordinary people or the populace. The ancient form of '民' looks like an eye with a horizontal stroke through it, indicating an injured eye.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中的“民”字形像一只长有瞳孔的眼睛，中间有一道竖线，象征被刺伤的眼睛。 In Oracle Bone Script, '民' resembles an eye with a vertical stroke through the middle, symbolizing an injured or blinded eye.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中“民”字形与甲骨文相似，但线条更加圆润，结构更趋规范。 In Bronze Inscription, the form is similar to Oracle Bone Script but with rounder lines and more regular structure.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“民”字结构更加规整，线条流畅，眼睛部分更加抽象，中央的横画清晰。 In Small Seal Script, the character becomes more regular, with smoother strokes. The eye component is more abstract, and the central horizontal stroke is clear.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中“民”字向现代楷书过渡，横与竖转换为较平直的横折结构，笔画简化。 In Clerical Script, '民' transitions toward its modern form, with horizontal and vertical strokes becoming flatter and more straight, and strokes simplified.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中“民”字已高度规范，为今天常见的结构（上部一横，下部为‘氏’的变体）。 In modern Regular Script, the character is highly standardized, with the horizontal stroke on top and the lower part resembling a modified '氏' radical, which is the commonly seen form today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

人民 (the people)

rénmín

中华人民共和国的全体人民都有选举权。

Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó de quán tǐ rénmín dōu yǒu xuǎnjǔ quán.

Eng: All the people of the People's Republic of China have the right to vote.

市民 (urban resident; citizen)

shìmín

许多市民每天步行上下班。

Pinyin: Xǔduō shìmín měitiān bùxíng shàngxiàbān.

Eng: Many city residents walk to work every day.

农民 (farmer; peasant)

nóngmín

农民在田里辛勤劳作。

Pinyin: Nóngmín zài tián lǐ xīnqín láozuò.

Eng: The farmers work hard in the field.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: peuple, citoyens
German: Volk, Bürger
Spanish: pueblo, ciudadanos
Italian: popolo, cittadini
Portuguese: povo, cidadãos
Russian: народ, граждане
Arabic: الشعب، المواطنون
Persian: مردم، شهروندان
Dutch: volk, burgers
Polish: ludzie, obywatele
Vietnamese: nhân dân, công dân
Ukrainian: народ, громадяни

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "民" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "民" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "民字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "民 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "民") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

民的核心含义是“人民、民众、百姓”。民 basically means “the people” or “citizens”.

象形起源：甲骨文和金文中的“民”字最初像一只眼睛被利刃刺入，后来逐步演变为现在的字形，这一形象最早和“盲”有关。 Pictographic origin: The earliest form of “民” looked like an eye being pierced with a blade—originally associated with the word “blind”. Over time, its meaning shifted to refer to “the people”.
文化背景：古文有说“民之为言萌也，萌之为言盲也”，说明“民”和“盲”在古代汉字起源上有联系。 Cultural note: Ancient texts say “民 is derived from 萌 (sprout), and 萌 is from 盲 (blind)”, highlighting the etymological link between “people/sprout/blind”.
现代用法中，“民”常用于“市民”（citizen）、“民族”（nation/ethnic group）、“人民”（people）、“民间”（folk）等词语。 In modern Chinese, “民” appears in common words like 市民 (citizen), 民族 (nation/ethnic group), 人民 (people), 民间 (folk), etc.
易混淆点：“民”与“盲”字形相似，学习时需注意区分。 Easily confused: “民” is visually similar to “盲” (blind), so take care to distinguish them.

如果想深入了解“民”的演变，可以查阅《说文解字》或古代金文、甲骨文实物。 For more on the evolution of “民”, refer to classic works like Shuowen Jiezi or examples of bronze/inscription scripts.

汉字"民"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

《金文编》813页《战文编》811页《说文》265页《篆隶表》894页. 借体象形。西周金文"民"字或作，像有刃物刺目之形，是"盲"字的初文。《贾子·大政下》："民之为言萌也，萌之为言盲也。" 春秋金文"民"字竖画上的圆点或变作" 󰼪 "，或变作一小横。战国文字承袭春秋金文。

细说汉字：民 - 漢文化 - 通識 - 漢典

借体象形。西周金文"民"字或作，像有刃物刺目之形，是"盲"字的初文。《贾子·大政下》："民之为言萌也，萌之为言盲也。"春秋金文"民"字竖画上的圆点或变作" "，或变作一小横。战国文字承袭春秋金文。

民