基本信息 (Basic Information)
含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)
中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 用于句末表示疑问的语气助词
英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): A sentence-final particle indicating a yes-no question
“吗”是现代汉语中最常用的疑问语气助词之一，通常用于陈述句末，使其变为一般疑问句。例如：“你好吗？”“你去吗？”“吗”不能单独使用，只能做语气词使用。
‘Ma’ is one of the most commonly used interrogative particles in modern Chinese. It is typically placed at the end of a declarative sentence to turn it into a yes-no question, such as '你好吗？' (How are you?) or '你去吗？' (Are you going?). It cannot be used alone and only serves as a modal particle.
象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)
“吗”的繁体字‘嗎’由‘马’和‘口’组成，‘马’为声旁，‘口’为形旁，既表读音又表语气助词与言语有关。简体‘吗’将‘馬’简化为‘马’，下部改为‘口’，突出语气助词的功能。The traditional form ‘嗎’ comprises ‘马’ (horse) as the phonetic component and ‘口’ (mouth) as the semantic component, indicating its relation to speech and sound. In the simplified form ‘吗’, ‘马’ is further simplified and the lower part is replaced entirely with ‘口’, emphasizing its function as a modal particle.
文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)
文言文中‘吗’原指一种昆虫（螞蚱或蚂蚱），作为语气助词的用法为近现代语法发展，和现代意义不同。In Classical Chinese, ‘吗’ (or its original form ‘嗎’) referred to a kind of insect (locust or grasshopper). Its usage as a question particle is a modern development, differing from its classical meaning.
深入学习 (In-depth Study)
字源故事 (Origin Story)
“吗”由“马”和“口”组成，本义并非语气助词。现代“吗”简化自“嗎”，原意为一种昆虫（螞蚱，即蚂蚱），后来用于语气助词，是取其同音假借的结果。作为疑问助词，始见于近现代汉语，因句末助词的需要，用“吗”来统一书写。‘Ma’ is composed of ‘马’ (horse) and the ‘口’ (mouth) radical. The original form ‘嗎’ actually referred to a kind of insect (locust), and not a modal particle. As a question particle, ‘吗’ is a phonetic borrowing, adopted for its pronunciation rather than originating from its initial meaning. Its function as a sentence-final particle for questions first appeared in modern Chinese, standardizing the use of ‘吗’ at sentence ends.
字形演变 (Character Evolution)
甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
“吗”作为疑问助词不存在于甲骨文；其本字“嗎”在甲骨文中尚未出现，‘马’（马的古字）可见，为象形字。
'Ma' as a modal particle did not exist in Oracle Bone Script; its original form ‘嗎’ is not seen. The character for '马' (horse) did appear as a pictograph at this stage.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中未见“吗”的用法。相关字“馬”出现在青铜器铭文上，形状更复杂，表现出马的形态。
'Ma' in the sense of a question particle is not found in Bronze Inscription. However, the component ‘馬’ appears, with a more intricate depiction of a horse.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“嗎”字结构初成，上为‘马’，下为表声音的附加部分。语气助词意义尚未出现。
In Small Seal Script, the structure of ‘嗎’ was formed, with ‘马’ at the top and a phonetic component below. The meaning as a modal particle had not yet appeared.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“嗎”结构趋于方正并简化，书写更为规范。
In Clerical Script, the structure of ‘嗎’ became more squared and standardized.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，‘吗’为‘嗎’的简体体，‘口’代替下部‘馬’的部分，简化后多用于句末表示疑问。
In modern Regular Script, ‘吗’ is the simplified form of ‘嗎’, replacing the lower part with '口' and commonly used at the end of sentences to indicate a question.
常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)
常用词语信息待补充。Common words information pending.
相关成语 (Related Idioms)
相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.
多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))
- French: particule interrogative (utilisée en fin de phrase)
- German: Fragepartikel (am Satzende verwendet)
- Spanish: partícula interrogativa (usada al final de la oración)
- Italian: particella interrogativa (usata alla fine della frase)
- Portuguese: partícula interrogativa (usada no final da frase)
- Russian: вопросительная частица (используется в конце предложения)
- Arabic: أداة استفهام تُستخدم في نهاية الجُملة
- Persian: حرف پرسشی (در انتهای جمله به کار میرود)
- Dutch: vraagpartikel (aan het einde van de zin gebruikt)
- Polish: partykuła pytająca (używana na końcu zdania)
- Vietnamese: trợ từ nghi vấn (dùng cuối câu)
- Ukrainian: питальна частка (використовується в кінці речення)
视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)
通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "吗" 的更多讲解：
Search for more explanations of "吗" on popular video sites:
- 在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "吗 字源 说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
- 在 YouTube.com 搜索 "吗 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)
网络参考 (Web References for "吗") ()
网络搜索信息待获取。Web search information pending.
更多图片 (吗 More Images) ()
