族

Pinyin: zú | Core Meaning: clan, ethnic group, family, tribe, or a group of people with common characteristics.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 部落、家族、民族等同宗或同类群体。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): clan, ethnic group, family, tribe, or a group of people with common characteristics.

“族”常用来表示具有血缘关系的家族或具有相同特征、爱好的某一群体，如“汉族”、“家族”、“旅客族”等。在现代汉语中，“族”还能用在新词中，表示共同兴趣或身份的人群，如“上班族”、“低头族”。 ‘族’ is commonly used to refer to a clan, family, or ethnic group with common ancestry or traits, such as in '汉族' (the Han ethnic group) or '家族' (family). In modern Chinese, '族' can also appear in new words to describe groups with specific interests or identities, like '上班族' (office workers) or '低头族' (people who frequently look down at their phones).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“族”由“方”与“矛”组成。“方”本义为古代的旗帜，用于标记部落或队伍，“矛”为兵器，两者结合表示有共同旗帜、共同武装的部落或群体，逐渐引申为同一族类的人。'族' is formed by combining '方' (originally meaning ancient banner, used to mark tribes or teams) and '矛' (spear, weapon). Together, they originally indicated a tribe with a shared banner and arms, and later extended to mean people of the same group or clan.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“族”多指同宗家族、部落，与现代意义相近。In Classical Chinese, '族' mostly referred to clans or tribes with shared ancestry, similar to the modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“族”字起源于“旗帜”和“矛”的组合，本意与部落或有战斗关系的群体有关。早期用于指挥部落作战的旗帜，延伸为有共同血缘或特征的群体。The character '族' originated from the combination of components meaning 'banner' and 'spear', indicating an armed tribe or group. It was initially related to banners used for commanding tribes in battle, and later extended to mean groups with shared ancestry or features.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“族”的字形主要由表示旗帜的符号和“矛”组成，象征部落集合，多为战斗场合所用。 In Oracle Bone Script, '族' was composed of symbols for banners and a spear, symbolizing the gathering of tribes, mostly used in the context of battle.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“族”的写法更为规范，旗帜和矛的形状更加清晰，整体结构更紧凑。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the character '族' became more standardized with clearer shapes for the banner and spear; the structure was more compact.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“族”结构拉长，旗帜与矛形整合在一起，线条流畅，沿用至后世。 '族' in Small Seal Script became elongated, integrating the banner and spear shapes into a harmonious form with smooth lines, a structure continued in later scripts.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“族”字体变宽，横画拉长，笔画更为平直，旗帜和矛的分界逐渐模糊。 In Clerical Script, '族' broadened horizontally, with elongated horizontal strokes and straighter lines. The distinction between the banner and spear became less obvious.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“族”已定型，部首为“方”，右侧为“矛”，结构规范、便于书写。 In modern Regular Script, '族' is standardized, with the '方' radical on the left and the '矛' (spear) component on the right. The structure is regular and easy to write.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

家族 (family, clan)

jiāzú

这个家族有着悠久的历史。

Pinyin: Zhège jiāzú yǒu zhe yōujiǔ de lìshǐ.

Eng: This family (clan) has a long history.

民族 (ethnic group, nation)

mínzú

中国有五十六个民族。

Pinyin: Zhōngguó yǒu wǔshíliù gè mínzú.

Eng: China has 56 ethnic groups.

上班族 (office workers, salaryman)

shàngbānzú

每天早晨地铁上都是上班族。

Pinyin: Měitiān zǎochén dìtiě shàng dōu shì shàngbānzú.

Eng: Every morning, the subway is full of office workers.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

五族共治 wǔ zú gòng zhì

Meaning: Joint rule by five ethnic groups (Han, Manchu, Mongol, Hui, Tibetan) in early Republican China

“五族共治”是民国初年提出的政治主张，指汉、满、蒙、回、藏五大民族平等参与国家治理，象征民族团结。 'Five ethnic groups' joint rule' was a political proposal at the beginning of the Republic of China, advocating the equal governance and unity of the Han, Manchu, Mongol, Hui, and Tibetan ethnic groups.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: clan, tribu, famille, groupe ethnique
  • German: Stamm, Clan, ethnische Gruppe, Familie
  • Spanish: clan, tribu, familia, grupo étnico
  • Italian: clan, tribù, famiglia, gruppo etnico
  • Portuguese: clã, tribo, família, grupo étnico
  • Russian: клан, племя, семейство, этническая группа
  • Arabic: عشيرة، قبيلة، عائلة، مجموعة عرقية
  • Persian: قبیله، خاندان، گروه قومی
  • Dutch: clan, stam, familie, etnische groep
  • Polish: klan, plemię, rodzina, grupa etniczna
  • Vietnamese: bộ tộc, gia tộc, nhóm dân tộc, gia đình
  • Ukrainian: клан, плем'я, сім'я, етнічна група

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "族" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "族" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "族") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“族”（拼音：zú）是汉语常用字，最早出现于商代甲骨文。其核心含义是“聚集、群体”，本义或与“箭头”有关，古代常用来指部落、家族或民族。 "族" (pinyin: zú) is a common Chinese character, first seen in oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty. Its core meaning is "group, clan, or tribe," and it originally referred to gathering people, possibly relating to "arrowhead." In ancient times, it signified clan, tribe, or ethnic group.

  • 象形起源：“族”字的古字形为“从㫃，从矢”，表示以旗帜召集持箭的人，即部族聚集。 Pictographic origin: The ancient form combines flag and arrow, symbolizing gathering armed clan members.
  • 引申义：后引申为家族、民族、品类等，如“家族（family）”，“民族（nation, ethnic group）”；还用作“灭族”等历史用法。 Extended meanings: Later, it referred to family clans, ethnic groups, or categories, as in "家族 (jiāzú, family)," "民族 (mínzú, nation/ethnic group)"; also used historically in phrases like "灭族" (extermination of a clan).
  • 常用词：民族（mínzú, nation, ethnic group）、家族（jiāzú, family/lineage）、贵族（guìzú, noble）、种族（zhǒngzú, race）。 Common words: 民族 (mínzú, nation/ethnic group), 家族 (jiāzú, family/clan), 贵族 (guìzú, noble), 种族 (zhǒngzú, race).
  • 注意点：“族”常与“组”（group）混淆，但“族”更强调血缘、种类或大的群体。另“族”在成语或历史中有“灭族”等极端表达。 Note: "族" is sometimes confused with "组" (zǔ, group), but "族" stresses kinship, ethnicity, or a large group. In idioms or history, it sometimes refers to group punishment like "灭族" (extermination of a clan).

汉字"族"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录3519条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... "族" ，古部落家族。"族"字一表示族人聚集，二表示家族武装(箭头， 镞) 《说文》： "族， 矢锋也。 " 甲骨文、 金文写作 ...

族（汉语文字）_百度百科

族（拼音：zú）为汉语一级通用规范汉字（常用字）。此字始见于商代甲骨文，古字形从㫃，从矢。表示以旗帜招集军队之意，本义是聚集，一说本义为箭头。古代聚族而居，引申指家族、民族，又引申为品类、族众等义。古时还可以作为行政单位使用。也指古代的一种酷刑，即灭族。

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族 - 更多图片 (More Images) (modelslab_artistic_v2)