氓 🔊

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“氓”是一个形声字，早见于《说文解字》，本义为“民”，即普通百姓。 “氓” is a phono-semantic character that originally means "common people" or "citizens," as recorded in the ancient text Shuowen Jiezi.

• 象形与文化背景：“氓”字从“民”加“亡”组成，含有原民、百姓之意。古时主要指生活在边远地区、从事农业的人民，有时特指奴隶。《诗经·卫风·氓》中即指普通百姓。 Pictographic and Cultural Background: “氓” is composed of the characters for "people" (民) and the sound component "亡." In ancient China, it often referred to people living in rural or border areas, sometimes specifically slaves. It appears in the Book of Songs (Shijing).
• 用法与辨析： “氓”和“民”在古汉语中常可通用，但“氓”着重于普通百姓，偶有贬义色彩。历史上“流氓”原指无业游民，后来才变为今天的“无赖、地痞”之意。 Usage and Distinctions: “氓” and “民” can be interchangeable in Classical Chinese, but “氓” often emphasizes common people, occasionally with a derogatory nuance. The term “流氓” (originally "drifting people" or vagrants) now means "hooligan" or "rascal."
• 常见用法： “氓”较少单独使用，多出现在古文或成语、诗歌中，如“卫风·氓”。现代口语很少用。 Common Usage: “氓” is seldom used alone in modern Chinese; it mostly appears in classical texts or set phrases, such as “卫风·氓” (a poem title). It is rare in everyday speech today.