修

Pinyin: xiū | Core Meaning: to repair, to mend, to decorate, to cultivate (oneself), to study and improve oneself.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 修理，修饰，修养，学习和完善自己。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to repair, to mend, to decorate, to cultivate (oneself), to study and improve oneself.

“修”常用于表示修理（如修车）、修建（如修路）、修饰外表或文章、以及自我修养（如修身）。在现代汉语中，“修”可与多种词搭配，表示具体或抽象的完善、补正等动作。 '修' is commonly used to mean repairing (e.g., repairing a car), building or constructing (e.g., building a road), decorating (appearance or text), and self-cultivation (such as '修身' – self-cultivation). In modern Chinese, it combines with many words to express concrete or abstract improvement or correction actions.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“修”由“彡”（象征装饰毛发或美化）和“攸”组成，整体表示梳理装饰、整治完善的动作，象形地表现了从头到尾进行修整的意思。'修' consists of '彡' (symbolizing hair or ornamentation) and '攸'. Together, they pictographically represent the action of tidying, decorating or improving, illustrating the idea of improvement from beginning to end.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“修”可表示修饰、修养、修理，常用于“修身”、“修德”等，意义与现代含义相近。'修' in Classical Chinese could mean to decorate, cultivate (oneself), or repair, as in phrases like '修身' (self-cultivation) and '修德' (moral cultivation). Similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“修”字的结构左侧为“彡”（音 shān，表示毛发或装饰的形状），右侧为“攸”，原意与修饰、梳理有关。后引申为“修理”“修建”等完善、整治之义。The character '修' has '彡' on the left, which depicts hair or the act of decorating, and '攸' on the right. Originally, it was related to the idea of tidying, grooming, or decorating. Later, its meanings extended to 'repair', 'build', and other senses of improvement and rectification.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中尚未发现“修”字的明确独立写法，但“彡”和“攸”的元素分别独立存在，表示装饰和方向之意。 In Oracle Bone Script, a standalone form of '修' has not been clearly identified, but components like '彡' and '攸' appeared separately, symbolizing decoration and direction.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“修”字由“攸”和“彡”组合而成，字形较为复杂，结构紧凑，左侧“彡”像飘动的饰物，突出修饰之义。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '修' was formed by combining '攸' and '彡'. The character appears more complex and compact, with the '彡' on the left representing decorative lines, emphasizing the sense of embellishment.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“修”字结构变得更规范，左右分明，“彡”曲线优美，整体显得整齐流畅。 In Small Seal Script, the structure of '修' becomes more standardized, with a clear left-right arrangement. The '彡' curves are elegant, and the whole character appears tidy and flowing.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“修”字更趋扁平，笔画转折分明，具备现代汉字的基本结构特征。 In Clerical Script, '修' becomes more flattened, with distinct strokes and angles, already possessing the basic structure seen in the modern character.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“修”字左为“彡”，右为“攸”，结构工整，笔画分明，书写简便，广泛用于现代汉语。 In modern Regular Script, '修' has '彡' on the left and '攸' on the right. Its structure is neat and the strokes are clear, making it easy to write. It is widely used in modern Chinese.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

修理 (to repair; to fix)

xiū lǐ

我的自行车坏了，需要修理。

Pinyin: Wǒ de zìxíngchē huài le, xūyào xiūlǐ.

Eng: My bicycle is broken and needs to be repaired.

修饰 (to decorate; to modify)

xiū shì

她喜欢用花来修饰房间。

Pinyin: Tā xǐhuān yòng huā lái xiūshì fángjiān.

Eng: She likes to decorate the room with flowers.

修养 (self-cultivation; accomplishment)

xiū yǎng

他很有修养，待人温和有礼。

Pinyin: Tā hěn yǒu xiūyǎng, dàirén wēnhé yǒulǐ.

Eng: He is well-cultivated and treats people with kindness and manners.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

修身齐家治国平天下 xiū shēn qí jiā zhì guó píng tiān xià

Meaning: To cultivate oneself, then manage the family, govern the state, and bring peace to all under heaven.

此成语出自《大学》，强调个人修养是治理家庭、国家乃至天下的基础。只有修好自身才能影响身边和更大的社会。 This idiom comes from 'The Great Learning', emphasizing that personal cultivation is the foundation for managing the family, governing a country, and bringing peace to the world. Only by improving oneself can one positively influence family and society.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: réparer, améliorer, décorer, cultiver
  • German: reparieren, schmücken, kultivieren, pflegen
  • Spanish: reparar, mejorar, adornar, cultivar
  • Italian: riparare, migliorare, decorare, coltivare
  • Portuguese: consertar, melhorar, decorar, cultivar
  • Russian: чинить, украшать, совершенствовать, воспитывать
  • Arabic: يصلح، يحسن، يزين، يهذب
  • Persian: تعمیر کردن، اصلاح کردن، تزئین کردن، پرورش دادن
  • Dutch: repareren, verbeteren, versieren, zich ontwikkelen
  • Polish: naprawiać, ozdabiać, doskonalić, kształcić
  • Vietnamese: sửa chữa, cải thiện, trang trí, tu dưỡng
  • Ukrainian: ремонтувати, прикрашати, удосконалювати, виховувати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "修" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "修" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "修") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

修字的核心含义为“修理、整治、修饰、学习、修炼”，常用来表示对物品、品德、技能等的改进和完善。 修 mainly means "to repair, to cultivate, to study, to modify, or to improve," and is used for enhancing objects, virtues, or skills.

在字形起源方面，“修”字的原始字形与“攸”字有关。根据古文字资料，甲骨文中常用“攸”字，而“修”字最早见于《说文》中的小篆。古时“攸”和“修”常常通用，无严格区分。 Historically, "修" shares its origin with the character "攸." In oracle bone inscriptions, "攸" was used; "修" appeared later in the Small Seal script. In ancient times, these characters were interchangeable.

“修”字的结构，与“彡”(表示装饰、毛发)部件相关，有加强、美化的意味。 The component "彡" in "修" suggests the idea of decoration or refinement, strengthening the meaning of improvement.

  • 常用词： 修理 (to repair), 修饰 (to decorate/modify), 修身 (self-cultivation), 修炼 (practicing, mostly in martial arts or spiritual training), 修复 (restoration). Common words: 修理 (repair), 修饰 (decorate/modify), 修身 (self-cultivation), 修炼 (practice/refine), 修复 (restore).

  • 易混淆点： “修”与“攸”在古代文献中常通用。现代汉语中，这两个字的意义和用法已有区分。 Common confusion: "修" and "攸" were interchangeable in ancient texts, but their meanings diverged in modern Chinese.

小结： “修”字寓意提升、完善与美化，字形源流复杂，兼具历史与文化意味。 Summary: "修" connotes improvement and refinement, with a rich historical and cultural background.

目前可获得的资料主要集中在字形演变和通假关系等方面，未见特殊成语用法或更广泛的文化故事。 Available information mainly focuses on the character's form evolution and interchangeable usage with "攸"; little is found on idiomatic or broader cultural contexts.

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