学习汉字 "国" (guó) - Learn Chinese Character "国"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 国家，疆域，政权管理的地区。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): country, nation, state, territory under government control.

“国”一般指国家或泛指某一政权掌控的地区，如“中国”、“美国”。也常用于组成国家名称、机构、政策等词语中，是现代汉语中非常基础且常用的字。 '国' primarily refers to a country or nation, or a territory governed by an authority (e.g., '中国' - China, '美国' - USA). It is widely used in modern compound words for country names, national institutions, and policies. It is a fundamental and very common character in modern Chinese.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“国”是会意字，外围“囗”表示城墙或疆界，内部本为“或”，代表兵器和口，象征为了守护疆土需要武力。简化字用“玉”代替内部，表示国家疆域内的珍贵物品，也寓意国家是宝贵的。'国' is an ideogrammic compound. The outer part '囗' signifies city walls or boundaries; the original inner part '或' includes weapons and a mouth, symbolizing territory that must be defended. The modern simplified form uses '玉' (jade) inside, representing precious items within the country's borders, symbolizing the nation's value.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，多指国家、诸侯领地。Similar to modern meaning; mostly refers to a country or territory ruled by a sovereign.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“国”字最早见于甲骨文和金文。本字最初写作“國”，外围为一圈，内部是“或”（代表兵器、戈加口）象征疆域和保卫领土的工具，表达“有疆有卫曰国”。后来简化为“国”（用“玉”代替内部部分），表示疆域之内为国家。The character '国' first appeared in oracle bone and bronze inscriptions, originally written as '國'. In ancient forms, it was drawn as an enclosure (representing borders), enclosing the element '或' (which includes symbols for weapons and a mouth), symbolizing both territory and the means to defend it. This reflects the concept 'a nation is defined by borders and defense.' In its modern simplified form, '国', the inside is replaced by '玉' (jade), but the basic idea—a bordered territory representing a country—remains.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中，“国”字多画成一个围栏或边界，内有戈或“或”字形，象征有疆土、有守卫。 In oracle bone script, '国' is depicted as a square enclosure with a spear or the '或' component inside, symbolizing a bordered land with defense.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中字形趋于规范，边界更为明显，内部常是“或”或兵器形，强调国家的疆域和防卫功能。 In bronze inscription, the character becomes more standardized, with a clearer border and the inner part commonly showing '或' or weapon shapes, highlighting territory and defense.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中将外框变为圆角方形，内部保持“或”结构，整体更加美观流畅。 In Small Seal Script, the outer frame becomes a rounded square, with the '或' component inside still preserved, the overall form is more graceful and flowing.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中笔画变得平直，外框与内部结构简化，字形逐渐接近现代。 In Clerical Script, strokes become straighter, the enclosure and internal components are simplified, and the form evolves towards the modern character.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书采用简化字，将内部由“或”变为“玉”，外框为“囗”，整体结构方正简明。 Modern Regular Script uses the simplified form, replacing the interior '或' with '玉' and keeping the outer '囗', resulting in a neat and simple character.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

国家 (country; nation; state)

guójiā

我们应该热爱自己的国家。

Pinyin: Wǒmen yīnggāi rè'ài zìjǐ de guójiā.

Eng: We should love our own country.

国王 (king; monarch)

guówáng

国王统治着整个国家。

Pinyin: Guówáng tǒngzhì zhe zhěnggè guójiā.

Eng: The king rules over the entire country.

国旗 (national flag)

guóqí

每个国家都有自己的国旗。

Pinyin: Měi gè guójiā dōu yǒu zìjǐ de guóqí.

Eng: Every country has its own national flag.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: pays, nation, État
German: Land, Staat, Nation
Spanish: país, nación, estado
Italian: paese, nazione, stato
Portuguese: país, nação, estado
Russian: страна, государство, нация
Arabic: دولة، بلد، أمة
Persian: کشور، ملت، دولت
Dutch: land, natie, staat
Polish: kraj, państwo, naród
Vietnamese: quốc gia, đất nước, nhà nước
Ukrainian: країна, держава, нація

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "国" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "国" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "国字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "国 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "国") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

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国是汉语中表示“国家、政权、疆域”的常用汉字。国 is a commonly used Chinese character meaning "country," "nation," or "state territory."

字形起源：“国”的最早形态见于甲骨文，早期字形主要表现为“或”字框内加“戈”，表示用武器守卫疆域，象征国家的边界和安全。 Pictographic origin: The earliest forms appeared in oracle bone inscriptions, showing a border with a weapon inside—symbolizing defending a territory (country) with arms.
字形演变：“国”字从甲骨文到金文历经变化，异体字曾有四十多种。自古代“國”简化为现代的“国”后，成为通用汉字。 Evolution: The character evolved from oracle bone script to bronze script, with over 40 variations historically. The traditional "國" was later simplified to "国" and widely adopted.
文化趣点：在历史上，不同朝代如武则天、洪秀全等曾更改“国”字写法，这反映了汉字在政治和文化中的特殊地位。 Cultural note: Dynasties and figures like Wu Zetian and Hong Xiuquan altered the written form of "国," reflecting its political and cultural importance.
常用词语：如“国家”（nation）、“国内”（domestic）、“国王”（king），以及成语“保家卫国”（to defend the homeland）。 Common phrases: Examples include “国家” (nation), “国内” (domestic), “国王” (king), and the idiom “保家卫国” (to defend the homeland).
易混淆点：“国”与“囯”有时会混淆，后者是异体字，现代标准汉语采用“国”（简体）或“國”（繁体）。 Common confusion: "国" and "囯" can be mixed up; "囯" is a variant, but modern Standard Chinese uses "国" (simplified) or "國" (traditional).

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国字形演变字源_汉字「国」_国的甲骨文_国的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

汉字的秘密|"国"字演变历史趣谈，武则天、洪秀全都曾改字 - 知乎

汉字的秘密|"国"字演变历史趣谈，武则天、洪秀全都曾改字. 文：枯木. 汉字"国"字是汉语一级通用规范汉字（常用字），字形始见于商代，经过历代变迁演变，异体字非常繁多，据统计，其写法多达40余种。不过在长达几千年的封建王朝时期，最常用的为"國"。

国