需

Pinyin: xū | Core Meaning: to need, need, requirement, necessity

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 需要，需求，必须得到或用到

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to need, need, requirement, necessity

“需”多用于书面语，表示必须或需要，如“需要”“需求”。常和“要”、“求”等词搭配。 "需" is mostly used in written language to mean "need" or "requirement." It commonly appears in words like "需要" (need), "需求" (demand). It often collocates with words like "要" (want) and "求" (seek).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“需”为会意字，上部“雨”表示下雨，下部“而”象形为胡须，引申有等待之义，整体有等待雨水、迫切盼望的意味，因而引申为“需要”。'需' is a semantic compound. The upper part '雨' means rain, and the lower part '而' originally depicted a beard, symbolizing waiting. Together, it conveys the meaning of waiting for rain, eagerly wishing and needing something. Hence the modern sense of 'to need'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

最初有“等待、下雨”之意，后泛指“需求、必须”。与现代意义相近。Originally meant 'to wait' or 'to rain'; later generalized to 'need' or 'requirement'. Similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“需”最早出现在战国时期的楚系简帛，本义为下雨、等待，是会意字。上部“雨”表示与雨水有关，下部“而”本为人的胡须，引申为等待雨水之意。后来引申为“需要”，即等待某物、必不可少的东西。The character '需' first appeared in the Warring States period Chu bamboo slips. Its original meaning was 'to rain' or 'to wait'. It's a semantic compound: the upper part '雨' refers to rain, and the lower part '而' originally represented human whiskers, later extended to signify waiting for rain, symbolizing anticipation or necessity. Over time, its meaning broadened to 'need' or 'necessity', representing something indispensable.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
暂无甲骨文中“需”的确切形态记载，因该字出现在稍晚的战国时期。 No confirmed form of '需' in Oracle Bone Script, as the character is first seen in later Warring States period.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中尚未发现“需”字的直接例证，因此形体不详。 Direct examples of '需' in Bronze Inscriptions have not been found, so its form is unclear.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“需”字上部为“雨”，下部为“而”，结构对称且线条圆润，明确体现“雨而”之意。 In Small Seal Script, '需' has '雨' at the top and '而' at the bottom, with a symmetrical and rounded structure, clearly illustrating the combination of 'rain' and 'appearance/awaiting'.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书的“需”结构已趋于扁平，笔画转为横直分明，上下分布明显，更接近现代字形。 In Clerical Script, '需' becomes more flattened, the strokes turn horizontal and vertical, and the upper-lower structure is more obvious, quite close to the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“需”结构规范，上“雨”下“而”，各部清晰，广泛用于现今汉字书写。 In modern Regular Script, '需' has a standard structure, with '雨' above and '而' below, all parts clear and commonly used today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

需要 (to need, to require)

xūyào

我们需要多喝水保持健康。

Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào duō hē shuǐ bǎochí jiànkāng.

Eng: We need to drink more water to stay healthy.

需求 (demand, requirement (often of goods, services, or abstract needs))

xūqiú

市场对新能源车的需求在增加。

Pinyin: Shìchǎng duì xīn néngyuánchē de xūqiú zài zēngjiā.

Eng: The market demand for new energy vehicles is increasing.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: avoir besoin de, nécessité
  • German: benötigen, Bedarf
  • Spanish: necesitar, necesidad
  • Italian: aver bisogno di, necessità
  • Portuguese: necessitar, necessidade
  • Russian: нуждаться, потребность
  • Arabic: يحتاج، حاجة
  • Persian: نیاز داشتن، احتیاج
  • Dutch: nodig hebben, behoefte
  • Polish: potrzebować, potrzeba
  • Vietnamese: cần, nhu cầu
  • Ukrainian: потреба, потребувати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "需" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "需" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "需") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

需 的核心含义是“需要”或“需求”，指对某物的渴望、索取或必须得到的东西。需 primarily means "to need" or "need/demand," referring to something desired, requested, or required.

该字的象形起源与“水”有关，古代字形中常与水（如雨、渌水等）关系密切，表示人在等待、盼望降水，从而引申出“需要”。The character’s ancient form is associated with "water," often symbolizing people waiting or hoping for rain, which led to the extended meaning of "need".

  • 常用词：供需、军需、农需、按需分配、应需而生。Common words/phrases: supply and demand (供需), military needs, agricultural needs, allocation based on need, born of necessity.
  • 用法注意：“需”多用于正式或书面语，现代口语更常用“需要”。Usage note: "需" is often seen in formal or written contexts; in modern spoken Chinese, "需要" is more common.
  • 易混淆点：“需”是名词或动词，而“须（須）”通常表示“必须”或“胡须”；二者在意义和用法上需区分。Possible confusion: "需" means "need," while "须" usually means "must" or "beard/whiskers"; do not confuse their uses.

例句：略举数端，以需善择。（以需要为依据，善加选择）Example: Make good choices based on actual needs.

汉字"需"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

九江 需 次今几年，去去渌水依红莲。—— 宋• 楼钥《送袁恭安赴江州节推》 略举数端，以 需 善择。——清 • 包世臣《文谱》 零星 需 用亦在账房内开销。——《红楼梦》 ⑥名词：渴求、索要的对象、内容。 / 供需 军需 农需 按需分配 应需而生

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