基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 桑树,一种落叶乔木,叶子常用于养蚕。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): mulberry tree (a deciduous tree whose leaves are often used to feed silkworms)

“桑”主要指桑树,常用在“桑叶”、“桑葚”等词语中,也作为地名或姓氏使用。有时用作古风诗文意象,象征乡土或思乡。 ‘桑’ mainly refers to the mulberry tree and appears in words such as ‘桑叶’ (mulberry leaf) and ‘桑葚’ (mulberry fruit). It’s also used as a place name or surname, and sometimes in classical-style writing as a symbol of homeland or nostalgia.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“桑”字为会意字,上部“叒”象征多枝叶的形状,下部“木”表示树木。整体表现了桑树枝繁叶茂的特征,通过叠加的“又”字,突出树的枝叶繁茂。‘桑’ is an associative compound character. The upper part ‘叒’ symbolizes the dense branches and leaves, while the lower part ‘木’ means ‘tree’. The overall character expresses the mulberry’s lush, multi-branched appearance, using repeated ‘又’ shapes to emphasize its abundant foliage.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近,指桑树,在古文中也常作为故乡、田园生活或思乡的象征。Similar to modern meaning; refers to the mulberry tree and often symbolizes homeland or rural life in classical texts.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“桑”字起源很早,最早见于甲骨文。其形象古文字形象表现了桑树的分枝和树干,突出顶部的树叶和分叉,形象地描绘了桑树的自然形态,因为桑叶在养蚕和丝绸生产中至关重要。The character ‘桑’ originated very early and first appeared in oracle bone inscriptions. Its ancient form depicts the branching trunk and leaves of the mulberry tree, emphasizing the top leaves and forks in the branches. This pictorial design reflects the mulberry’s natural form, as its leaves are essential for silkworm rearing and silk production.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“桑”字常以树干向上分叉、顶端带叶的形状出现,线条简练,突出树的分支。 In oracle bone script, ‘桑’ often appears as a trunk splitting upwards with leaves on top, using simple lines that highlight the tree’s branches.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文时期的“桑”字比甲骨文更复杂,树干与树枝的结构更加清晰,顶部的叶形更加明显。 In bronze inscriptions, the form of ‘桑’ is more complex than in oracle bone script, with clearer differentiation between the trunk and branches, and more pronounced leaf shapes at the top.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“桑”字结构变得更规则,四个竖条代表树干和树枝,顶部加有三点象征叶子。 In small seal script, the structure of ‘桑’ becomes more regular, typically showing four vertical lines for the trunk and branches with three dots on top representing the leaves.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书的“桑”更加方正,笔画简化,叶子部分变成短横;结构趋向现代形式。 In clerical script, ‘桑’ takes on a more square shape with simplified strokes; the leaf part becomes short horizontals, making the structure closer to the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“桑”结构规范,上部为“叒”,下部为“木”,整体线条清晰流畅。 In modern regular script, ‘桑’ has a standardized structure: the upper part is ‘叒’ (three repetitions of ‘又’) and the lower part is ‘木’ (wood), with clear and smooth lines.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

桑叶 (mulberry leaf)

sāng yè

蚕以桑叶为食。

Pinyin: Cán yǐ sāng yè wéi shí.

Eng: Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves.

桑葚 (mulberry fruit)

sāng shèn

夏天可以采摘新鲜的桑葚。

Pinyin: Xiàtiān kěyǐ cǎizhāi xīnxiān de sāng shèn.

Eng: In summer, you can pick fresh mulberries.

桑麻 (mulberry and hemp (symbolizing farming and rural life))

sāng má

桑麻遍地,村庄充满生机。

Pinyin: Sāng má biàndì, cūnzhuāng chōngmǎn shēngjī.

Eng: Mulberry and hemp cover the land, making the village full of vitality.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

指桑骂槐 zhǐ sāng mà huái

Meaning: to blame one person while criticizing another; to make veiled accusations

“指桑骂槐”出自古代故事:有人对槐树不满,但不敢直接批评,便指着桑树骂,借此含沙射影指责真实的对象。后用来形容表面上说一个,其实批评另一个。 'Zhǐ sāng mà huái' comes from an ancient story: someone was dissatisfied with a locust tree (huái) but dared not criticize it directly, so he pointed at a mulberry tree (sāng) and cursed instead, using this as an implied criticism. The idiom now describes blaming one party by overtly criticizing another.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: mûrier
  • German: Maulbeerbaum
  • Spanish: morera
  • Italian: gelso
  • Portuguese: amoreira
  • Russian: шелковица
  • Arabic: شجرة التوت
  • Persian: درخت توت
  • Dutch: moerbeiboom
  • Polish: morwa
  • Vietnamese: cây dâu tằm
  • Ukrainian: шовковиця

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "桑") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

(sāng)是一个象形字,最初描绘为一棵有树冠和树根的桑树。这个字在甲骨文中的形状清楚地表现了树木的形态。 (sāng) is a pictographic character originally depicting a mulberry tree with a crown and roots. In oracle bone script, its form clearly resembles a tree.

  • 桑的核心含义是“桑树”,即蚕喜欢吃的那种树,是中国古代农业和丝绸文化的重要植物。Its core meaning is "mulberry tree," the plant silkworms feed on, which is central to traditional Chinese agriculture and silk culture.

  • 有趣的是,“桑”字和“麻”常常一同出现,如成语“桑麻”(sāng má),表示农作物或泛指农事。例如:“把酒话桑麻”。Interestingly, "桑" often appears with "麻" (hemp), as in the idiom "桑麻" (sāng má), meaning crops or farming generally, e.g., “把酒话桑麻” (“drinking wine while chatting about mulberry and hemp,” i.e., discussing rural affairs).

  • 在结构上,“桑”容易与其他“木”字旁的字混淆,如“棠”(táng)。学习时需特别留心。In terms of structure, "桑" can be confused with other "tree" radical characters, like "棠" (táng). Pay special attention when learning them.

汉字"桑"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条,基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析,是汉字研究的必备工具。 请输入您要查询的汉字: 汉字: 桑: 字源: 桑.

细说汉字:桑 - 漢文化 - 通識 - 漢典

"开轩面场圃,把酒话桑麻。"这个"桑"字本为象形字。甲骨文①上部为树冠,下部有树根,多像一棵树!②是小篆的形体,上部的树枝形讹变为三个"又",其本义并未变。

更多图片 (桑 More Images) ()