学习汉字 "如" (rú) - Learn Chinese Character "如"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 像，按照，顺从，比喻，相似；用于比拟、假设或举例时。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): like, as, in accordance with, to follow; used for comparisons, hypothetical situations, or giving examples.

“如”常用于连接比较、假设、举例等，如“比如”、“如同”、“如愿”、“如你所说”。也常用于正式、书面语中表达‘按照’或‘依据’的意思。 '如' is often used to connect comparisons, hypotheses, or examples, such as in ‘比如’ (for example), ‘如同’ (as if), ‘如愿’ (as wished), and ‘如你所说’ (as you said). It's frequently seen in formal or written Chinese to mean 'according to' or 'in accordance with.'

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“如”是形声字，从“女”，表示与女性有关，“口”作声符。本义有关顺从、听从口令，后来表示‘像’、‘如同’等。'如' is a phono-semantic compound character: the '女' (woman) suggests meaning—originally associated with following or obedience—and '口' (mouth) gives the sound. Its meaning later extended to 'like' and 'as if.'

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“如”常表示‘往’、‘去’、‘顺从’，如“如之何”，也有‘像’、‘比拟’的用法。部分意义与现代意义相近。In Classical Chinese, '如' often meant 'to go,' 'to approach,' or 'to obey,' as in phrases like '如之何.' It was also used for similes or comparisons. Some meanings are similar to modern usage.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“如”最早见于甲骨文，由“女”和“口”组成。古人认为“如”表示女性顺从、听从命令，或听从口头传达。后世引申为‘顺从’、‘像’、‘依照’等意思。'如' was first seen in oracle bone script and consists of the characters for 'woman' (女) and 'mouth' (口). In ancient times, it implied a woman obeying or heeding spoken instructions, and later its meaning extended to 'to follow,' 'like,' or 'in accordance with.'

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中的“如”字由“女”与“口”组成，形象地表现出一个人听从指令，字形较为简单、线条直率。 In oracle bone script, '如' is made of '女' (woman) and '口' (mouth), depicting someone heeding an instruction. The form is simple with direct lines.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中“如”的结构与甲骨文相近，但笔画更圆润，布局更规整。使用渐趋普遍。 In bronze inscriptions, the structure of '如' is similar to the oracle bone version but with rounder strokes and a more regular layout. Its use became more standardized.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“如”字笔画拉长，整体更为流畅优美，结构疏朗，字形更加规整。 In small seal script, '如' has elongated and more gracefully flowing strokes, and the character is more spacious and regularly formed.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中的“如”笔画扁平，横画拉长，结构趋近现代汉字形态。 In clerical script, the strokes of '如' are flatter and more elongated horizontally, with the structure approaching its modern character form.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中的“如”清晰美观，结构稳定，广泛使用于现代汉字书写。 In modern regular script, '如' is clear, aesthetically pleasing, with stable structure, and is widely used in contemporary Chinese writing.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

比如 (for example)

bǐ rú

有些水果，比如苹果和香蕉，很受欢迎。

Pinyin: Yǒuxiē shuǐguǒ, bǐrú píngguǒ hé xiāngjiāo, hěn shòu huānyíng.

Eng: Some fruits, for example apples and bananas, are very popular.

如同 (just like; as if)

rú tóng

夜空如同一块黑色的绒布。

Pinyin: Yèkōng rútóng yī kuài hēisè de róngbù.

Eng: The night sky is just like a piece of black velvet.

如果 (if; in case)

rú guǒ

如果明天下雨，我们就不去公园了。

Pinyin: Rúguǒ míngtiān xià yǔ, wǒmen jiù bù qù gōngyuán le.

Eng: If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the park.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: comme, selon, par exemple
German: wie, zum Beispiel, gemäß
Spanish: como, según, por ejemplo
Italian: come, secondo, ad esempio
Portuguese: como, conforme, por exemplo
Russian: как, согласно, например
Arabic: مثل، كما، حسب، على سبيل المثال
Persian: مانند، طبقِ، برای مثال
Dutch: zoals, volgens, bijvoorbeeld
Polish: jak, według, na przykład
Vietnamese: như, theo, ví dụ
Ukrainian: як, згідно з, наприклад

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "如" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "如" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "如字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "如 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "如") ()

网络搜索信息待获取。Web search information pending.

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