粗

Pinyin: cū | Core Meaning: coarse, rough, not fine; also describes behavior as rude or careless.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 颗粒大，不细；不精细，表面不光滑；也指人行为、举止不细致或不礼貌。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): coarse, rough, not fine; also describes behavior as rude or careless.

“粗”常用来形容物体表面不光滑，如“粗布”、“粗糙”；也可形容性格、态度等，如“粗心”、“粗鲁”。还可用于体积、数量等，如“粗大”、“粗略”。 '粗' is commonly used to describe rough, unrefined surfaces (e.g., 'coarse cloth', 'rough texture'), as well as personality traits (e.g., 'careless', 'rude'). It can also refer to large size or quantity (e.g., 'big', 'approximate').

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“粗”为形声字，左边“米”表意，表示与谷米有关，右边“且”为声旁。整体表达谷物颗粒粗大，引申为不细、粗糙。'粗' is a phono-semantic compound character: the left part '米' indicates meaning (related to rice/grains), while '且' on the right acts as the phonetic component. The character depicts large grain size, extended to mean rough or coarse.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指不精细、颗粒大或简略。Similar to modern meaning—mainly means not fine, large grains, or simplistic/approximate.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“粗”字形成于汉代，是形声字。从“米”，表示与稻米、谷物有关；“且”是声旁。本义指谷物颗粒粗大，引申为不细、粗糙，也用来比喻不精细、不细致。'粗' originated in the Han dynasty as a phono-semantic compound. The semantic component '米' (rice) suggests a relation to grains; '且' provides the pronunciation. The original meaning referred to large grain size, and was then extended to mean coarse, rough, or not meticulous.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中尚无“粗”字的记录，其构形较晚，未见于甲骨文资料。 The character '粗' does not appear in oracle bone inscriptions; its creation came later and it is not found in oracle bone script material.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中亦无“粗”字，直到隶书之前尚未出现。 There is no record of '粗' in bronze inscriptions; it appeared after this period.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期“粗”由“米”与“且”组合，形体结构已与现代较为接近，表示谷粒较大。 In the Small Seal Script, '粗' is formed by combining '米' (rice) with '且'; the structure is close to the modern character, representing large grains.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“粗”结构更为方整，笔画转为横平竖直，逐渐接近楷书结构。 In the Clerical Script, '粗' becomes more angular and regular, with strokes more horizontal and vertical, closely resembling the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“粗”由“米”字旁和“且”组成，外形规范、清晰，广泛用于现代汉语。 In modern Regular Script, '粗' is composed of the '米' radical on the left and '且' on the right, with standardized, clear strokes; it is widely used in modern Chinese.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

粗心 (careless, inattentive)

cūxīn

他做事总是很粗心，经常出错。

Pinyin: Tā zuòshì zǒng shì hěn cūxīn, jīngcháng chūcuò.

Eng: He is always careless in his work and frequently makes mistakes.

粗糙 (rough, coarse (texture or process))

cūcāo

这块石头表面很粗糙。

Pinyin: Zhè kuài shítou biǎomiàn hěn cūcāo.

Eng: The surface of this stone is very rough.

粗大 (thick; large and coarse)

cūdà

这根绳子又粗大又结实。

Pinyin: Zhè gēn shéngzi yòu cūdà yòu jiēshi.

Eng: This rope is both thick and strong.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

粗枝大叶 cū zhī dà yè

Meaning: careless and not attentive to details; rough and sketchy

“粗枝大叶”原指树木的枝叶粗而大，后来比喻做事不细致，马虎。 '粗枝大叶' originally referred to large, thick branches and leaves of a tree; it now figuratively describes carelessness and lack of attention to detail.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: grossier; rugueux; pas fin
  • German: grob; rau; nicht fein
  • Spanish: áspero; grueso; tosco
  • Italian: grezzo; ruvido; non fine
  • Portuguese: áspero; grosso; rude
  • Russian: грубый; шероховатый; не мелкий
  • Arabic: خشن؛ غير ناعم؛ فظ
  • Persian: درشت؛ خشن؛ غیر ظریف
  • Dutch: grof; ruw; niet fijn
  • Polish: szorstki; gruby; nie delikatny
  • Vietnamese: thô; không mịn; cộc cằn
  • Ukrainian: грубий; шорсткий; не тонкий

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "粗" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "粗" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "粗") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“粗”字基本含义：“粗”指的是颗粒大、不细致、不精细。常用来形容物体比较大而不细腻，也可引申为做事马虎、不仔细。Basic meaning: “粗” (cū) means coarse, rough, not fine, or not meticulous. It can describe things that are large-grained or not delicate, and also mean doing something carelessly or without detail.

象形起源与历史：“粗”最早的写法是“麤”（cū），是会意字，由三只鹿组成，代表众多、杂乱，与粗糙、疏略的含义相关。在古代文献中，“麤”与“粗”常混用，现在通用字为“粗”。Etymology & history: The original character for “粗” was “麤,” which is a pictophonetic character composed of three deer, symbolizing numerousness or roughness. In ancient texts, “麤” and “粗” were often interchanged, but today “粗” is the standard form.

易混淆点：“粗”易与“祖”（ancestor）、“租”（rent）等字混淆，需注意字形和含义的区别。Confusable characters: Be careful not to confuse “粗” with “祖” (ancestor) or “租” (rent); they look similar but have different meanings.

  • 常用词语： 粗心（careless）、粗糙（rough）、粗壮（sturdy）、粗鲁（rude）。 Common words: 粗心 (careless), 粗糙 (rough), 粗壮 (sturdy), 粗鲁 (rude).

成语举例： 粗枝大叶（做事不精细）、大大咧咧（形容人性格粗疏）。Idioms: 粗枝大叶 (“sloppy, not attentive to details”), 大大咧咧 (“careless or rough in personality”).

注：关于该字的甲骨文和更详细的象形本义，目前公开资料较少，有兴趣者可参考专业汉字字典以获取更深入资料。 Note: Information about the oracle bone script and more detailed pictographic origins is limited in public sources. For deeper research, refer to specialized Chinese character dictionaries.

粗字形演变字源_汉字「粗」_粗的甲骨文_粗的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

二字原本各有本義，音同義近，典籍文獻二字混用，而多以「麤」為「粗」。 漢簡所見隸書皆寫作「麤」，惟構形稍有變化，如馬王堆〈養生方〉作「 」，三鹿足並皆省略；河西漢簡上一鹿字略去鹿足，字義皆為粗略、粗疏。

【粗】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

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