学习汉字 "牺" (xī) - Learn Chinese Character "牺"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 为祭祀而特意挑选的牲畜，常指祭品用的牛、羊等；引申为牺牲、付出。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): animal (often cattle or sheep) selected for sacrifice; by extension, sacrifice, to give up for a cause.

“牺”多见于“牺牲”一词，在现代汉语中，单独使用较少，常用于表示为某种目的（如事业、理想等）而放弃个人利益。 Mainly seen in the word '牺牲' (sacrifice) in modern Chinese; rarely used alone. Usually refers to sacrificing something valuable for a cause.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“牺”字左边的“牛”表示与牲畜相关，右边的“羲”作声旁，同时也暗含美好、纯正的意思，整体表示被挑选出来用于重要祭祀的美好牲畜。The left component '牛' (cattle) indicates association with animals, especially cattle. The right side '羲' serves as a phonetic component, but also connotes beauty and purity, signifying specially chosen, fine animals for important rituals.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指祭祀用的牲畜，引申为为国家或信仰献身。Similar to modern meaning, mainly referring to animals used for sacrifice in rituals; also extended to denote self-sacrifice for the state or a cause.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“牺”字最初与牲畜有关，指供祭祀用的美好、纯正的牛羊等。形旁“牛”表示与牛相关，右边“羲”为声旁并带有美好之义，可以表示这些牲畜的珍贵和纯洁，常用于敬神祭祀。The character '牺' was originally related to sacrificial animals, referring to fine and pure cattle or sheep offered in rituals. The left radical '牛' indicates connection to cattle, while the right part '羲' serves as a phonetic component and implies beauty and purity, highlighting the precious nature of the sacrificial animals for offerings to gods.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

未见“牺”独立字形，祭祀用的牲畜通常用“牛”等字结合表达。 The standalone character '牺' does not appear; sacrificial animals were usually denoted with combinations involving '牛' (cattle) and other symbols.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中出现类似“牺生”字形，左边为牛，右边为表示美好、纯正的符号，结构逐步清晰。 In bronze inscriptions, a form resembling '牺生' appears, with the left part being the 'cattle' radical and the right denoting purity or beauty, gradually clarifying the character's structure.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“牺”结构已经基本成型，左为“牛”旁，右为“羲”，笔画流畅柔美。 In Small Seal Script, '牺' takes its basic form, with the 'cattle' radical on the left and '羲' on the right, featuring smooth and graceful strokes.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中，笔画趋于平直，结构扁平，更具现代书写风格。 In Clerical Script, the strokes become straighter and more flattened, exhibiting a style closer to modern writing.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中“牺”字结构分明，左“牛”旁，右“羲”简化，书写规范美观。 In modern Regular Script, the structure of '牺' is clear: the 'cattle' radical on the left and a simplified form of '羲' on the right, written in a neat and standard fashion.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

牺牲 (to sacrifice; sacrifice (something valuable for a cause))

xīshēng

他为了家人甘愿牺牲自己的时间。

Pinyin: Tā wèile jiārén gānyuàn xīshēng zìjǐ de shíjiān.

Eng: He is willing to sacrifice his time for his family.

牺牛 (sacrificial ox (an ox selected for ritual sacrifice))

xīniú

古代王朝在重大典礼中会用牺牛祭天。

Pinyin: Gǔdài wángcháo zài zhòngdà diǎnlǐ zhōng huì yòng xīniú jì tiān.

Eng: In ancient dynasties, sacrificial oxen were offered to heaven in major ceremonies.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: sacrifice (animal sacrificiel); sacrifier
German: Opfertier; Opfer, opfern
Spanish: animal de sacrificio; sacrificio
Italian: animale sacrificale; sacrificare
Portuguese: animal sacrificial; sacrificar
Russian: жертвенное животное; жертва
Arabic: ذبيحة للأضحية؛ التضحية
Persian: حیوان قربانی؛ فداکاری
Dutch: offer(dier); opofferen
Polish: zwierzę ofiarne; poświęcenie
Vietnamese: vật hiến tế (con vật bị hiến tế); hi sinh
Ukrainian: жертовна тварина; жертва

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "牺" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "牺" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "牺字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "牺 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "牺") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

牺（拼音：xī）主要含义为：古代专指用作祭祀的纯色牲畜。 Xi ("牺") mainly refers to a pure-colored sacrificial animal used in ancient rituals.

字源及文化背景：“牺”是“犧”的简化字，形声结构，左“牛”表示与牛有关，右“羲”为声旁。原本特指古代用于宗庙祭祀的一种纯色牲畜，体现中华祭祀文化中对祭品纯净与尊崇的要求。 Etymology & Cultural Context: "牺" is the simplified form of "犧." The character combines the radical "牛" (cattle) and the phonetic component "羲." It specifically denotes a pure-colored sacrificial animal used in ancestral or religious ceremonies, reflecting Chinese reverence for ritual purity.
常见用法：最常用的词是“牺牲”，意思为：为崇高目标而舍弃生命、权利或利益（如：为祖国牺牲）。常见词还有“牺牛”（指祭祀用的牛）。 Common Usage: The most common word is "牺牲" (xīshēng), meaning "to sacrifice" one's life, rights, or interests for a higher cause (e.g., "to sacrifice for the country"). "牺牛" refers to a sacrificial ox.
易混淆点：“牺”主要用于祭祀和“牺牲”，不要与“牲（shēng）”混淆，后者泛指家畜、供祭祀或食用的动物。 Confusion Alert: "牺" is mostly seen in words about sacrifice and rituals. Do not confuse it with “牲” (shēng), which generally means livestock or domestic animals for food or worship.

成语及例句：常见成语为“舍己为人”，“无私牺牲”。 Idioms/Examples: Related idioms include "sacrifice oneself for others" and "selfless sacrifice."

汉字"牺"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

牺 xī用于"牺牲""牺牛"等。. 犧 "牺"的繁体字。【简繁关系】"犧"是形声字，形符是牛，声符是羲，本义为古代供宗庙祭祀用的纯色牲。《说文·牛部》："犧，宗庙之牲也。"近代民间把"犧"写作"牺"，改换了原字的声符。

牺的解释|牺的意思|汉典"牺"字的基本解释 - 漢典

古代称做祭品用的纯色牲畜：～牲（古代祭祀用牲的通称，色纯为"牺"，体全为" 牲 "，如"～～玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信"；为了崇高的目的舍去自己的生命或权利等，如"为祖国不怕流血～～"；放弃或损害一方的利益，如"他～～自己的休息时间，突击完成了任务"）。

牺