学习汉字 "挡" (dǎng) - Learn Chinese Character "挡"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 阻止、拦住，防止通过或进入。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to block, to stop, to obstruct, to ward off

“挡”常作动词，表示阻挡、阻拦，如“挡住”、“遮挡”。也可用于抽象意义，如“挡风”、“挡住危险”。现代汉语中多指实物或力量上的阻拦。 '挡' is most often used as a verb meaning to physically or metaphorically block or obstruct. Common usages include '挡住' (block), '遮挡' (to shield), and phrases like '挡风' (block the wind). Used for both concrete and abstract barriers.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“挡”由“扌”（手）和“当”组成，表示用手直接去拦截、阻止某物。形声结构中，‘扌’表意，‘当’表音也兼有“拦住”的含义。'挡' consists of the '扌' (hand) radical and '当', forming a phono-semantic compound. The hand radical indicates the meaning of using the hand to physically block something, while '当' provides the sound and also hints at the meaning of stopping.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要表示拦阻、阻止。Similar to modern meaning; mainly refers to blocking or stopping.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“挡”最早为“擋”，左边为“手”，代表用手去阻挡。右边的“当”表示声音或动作的停顿、阻止。整体表示用手或力量去拦阻什么。The original form of '挡' was '擋', with the 'hand' radical on the left, symbolizing an action done by hand, and '当' on the right, suggesting stopping or blocking. Together, it depicts the act of blocking or intercepting with the hand or force.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

“挡”作为合体字出现较晚，甲骨文中还未有明确的“挡”，但会用“当”表阻挡义。 The composite character '挡' did not exist in Oracle Bone Script; the concept was usually represented by '当' to mean to stop or block.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中仍无“挡”字，相关意义常用“当”或表示手动作的组合字。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the character '挡' was still not present; similar meanings were conveyed using '当' or combination characters indicating hand actions.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中出现“擋”，左边为“手”部，右边为“当”，结构明确，表示用手阻挡。 In Small Seal Script, '擋' (the traditional form) appears, with the hand radical on the left and '当' on the right, clearly indicating the meaning of blocking with the hand.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书将“擋”部首扁平化，笔画更加简洁有力，结构更加方正易写。 In Clerical Script, the structure of '擋' became more squared and simplified, while maintaining its core components for easier writing.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

简化字“挡”将“擋”左边的“手”省略为“扌”，结构紧凑，现代多用于简体中文。 In modern Regular Script, the simplified form '挡' replaces the left 'hand' radical with '扌', making the character more compact; widely used in Simplified Chinese.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

挡住 (to block, to obstruct)

dǎng zhù

他用身体挡住了门口。

Pinyin: Tā yòng shēntǐ dǎng zhùle ménkǒu.

Eng: He blocked the doorway with his body.

遮挡 (to shield, to cover and block)

zhē dǎng

树叶遮挡了阳光。

Pinyin: Shùyè zhē dǎngle yángguāng.

Eng: Leaves shielded the sunlight.

挡风 (to block the wind)

dǎng fēng

这面墙能挡风。

Pinyin: Zhè miàn qiáng néng dǎng fēng.

Eng: This wall can block the wind.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: bloquer, empêcher, arrêter
German: blockieren, abhalten, verhindern
Spanish: bloquear, impedir, detener
Italian: bloccare, impedire, fermare
Portuguese: bloquear, impedir, barrar
Russian: преграждать, блокировать, останавливать
Arabic: يمنع، يعيق، يحجب
Persian: مسدود کردن، مانع شدن
Dutch: blokkeren, tegenhouden, verhinderen
Polish: blokować, zatrzymywać, przeszkadzać
Vietnamese: chặn, ngăn, cản trở
Ukrainian: блокувати, зупиняти, перешкоджати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "挡" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "挡" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "挡字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "挡 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "挡") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

核心含义：“挡”主要作动词，表示阻拦、阻止，如“挡住去路”。 Core meaning: "挡" (dǎng) is mainly a verb meaning "to block" or "to stop," as in "to block the way."

文化背景及起源：“挡”并非最早的象形字，其结构左边为“扌”（手），表示与手的动作有关，右边为“当”，有“抵抗、面对”之意，合起来指用手或动作去阻挡。 Cultural origin: The left component "扌" means "hand," suggesting an action by hand; the right component "当" means "to face" or "to resist," making the character represent the act of blocking with the hand.

常用搭配：如“挡住”、“挡风玻璃”、“挡道”等。 Common collocations: Used in phrases like "挡住 (to block)," "挡风玻璃 (windshield)," and "挡道 (to block the way)."
名词用法：“挡”也可表示机械中的“挡位”，如“前进挡”、“空挡”、“高速挡”。 Noun usage: It also means "gear position" in machinery, e.g., "forward gear (前进挡)," "neutral gear (空挡)," "high speed gear (高速挡)."
成语/俗语：“兵来将挡，水来土掩”意为遇事有应对之法。 Idioms: The saying "兵来将挡，水来土掩" means "to respond appropriately as circumstances arise."

易混淆点：注意区分“挡”和“党”、“档”等字，字形和意义不同。 Common confusion: Do not confuse "挡" (block) with "党" (party/association) or "档" (file, shelf), which are different in both form and meaning.

整体评价：“挡”是与阻拦或控制相关的常用字，在现代汉语和机械用语中都很常见。 Overall: "挡" is a commonly used character related to blocking or stopping, both in daily and technical language.

```

汉字"挡"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

穆弘、李俊过去了，二十个偏将都被挡住在城边。——《水浒全传》第一百十一回. 徐茂公道：主公不必心焦，自古道："兵来将挡，水来土掩。"——《说唐》第二十七回. ②名词：用于阻止操纵杆滑动的栅格。挡位 / 搭挡空挡高速挡后退挡前进挡

挡《汉字字源》_汉字「挡」_挡在汉字字源中的解释 - 国学大师

挡