基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 掉下,坠落;引申为堕落、失败,也用于流产。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to fall, to drop down; by extension, to degenerate or fail; also used for abortion or miscarriage.

“堕”常用于“堕落”(指品德、思想上的下降)、“堕胎”(指人工终止妊娠)。现代口语中单用较少,多见于书面语或词组中。 In modern Chinese, '堕' most often appears in words such as '堕落' (to degenerate, to morally decline) and '堕胎' (abortion). Seldom used alone in daily conversation, it's mostly found in written language or compounds.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“堕”的左边“阝”表示与地形、落下相关(如山坡),右边“隋/惰”为声旁,整体表示物体从高处掉落的动作,形声结合也便于表意和表音。The left part '阝' relates to landforms or falling (such as slopes), while the right part (phonetic '隋'/'惰') contributes to pronunciation. Together, the structure suggests the action of something dropping or falling, serving both semantic and phonetic functions.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近,主要指掉落、坠落,也可引申为品德堕落。Similar to modern meaning; mainly refers to falling or dropping, and can be extended metaphorically to moral decline.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“堕”字最早由“阝”(表示山坡、地形)与“隋/惰”等声旁组成,含义是从高处掉落,与地形相关。后来逐渐引申为抽象的“堕落、失去、失败”等意义。The character '堕' originally combines '阝' (signifying hills or geographic features) with phonetic components like '隋' or '惰', conveying the idea of falling from a height, often related to terrain. Over time, its meaning was extended metaphorically to include moral or abstract senses of 'decline', 'degeneration', or 'failure'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未出现“堕”字,与其相关的上古字形较为原始,表达“坠落”之意,多用表示掉下的图像。 '堕' does not appear in original Oracle Bone Script, but related ancient forms crudely depict the idea of falling, often through pictorial representations of things dropping down.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中开始见到与“堕”意思近似的字形,字形用阝旁表示地势,通过组合指示物体从高处掉落。 In Bronze Inscriptions, forms close in meaning to '堕' appeared. The radical '阝' signals terrain, with combined symbols suggesting something dropping from above.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“堕”字结构稳定,由“阝”为偏旁,“惰”为声旁,造型更规则,对应‘掉落’之义。 '堕' in Small Seal Script becomes more standardized: '阝' radical plus a phonetic component similar to '惰,' with a clear structure denoting 'to fall'.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书阶段“堕”字横向舒展,转折明显,结构趋于现代,易于书写。 In Clerical Script, the character '堕' becomes more horizontally spread and angular, approaching modern form and making it easier to write.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“堕”字结构严谨,左为“阝”,右为“隋”的简化,书写规整,广泛用于现代汉字体系。 Modern Regular Script features a well-organized '堕', with '阝' on the left and a simplified '隋' component on the right. The form is regular and widely used in contemporary Chinese.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

堕落 (to degenerate; to sink morally; to fall from grace)

duòluò

他因为环境影响逐渐堕落了。

Pinyin: Tā yīnwèi huánjìng yǐngxiǎng zhújiàn duòluò le.

Eng: He gradually became degenerate due to his environment.

堕胎 (abortion; to undergo an abortion)

duòtāi

她决定不堕胎,生下孩子。

Pinyin: Tā juédìng bù duòtāi, shēng xià háizi.

Eng: She decided not to have an abortion and to give birth to the child.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

自甘堕落 zì gān duòluò

Meaning: to abandon oneself to vice; to willingly sink into depravity

“自甘堕落”形容一个人主动放弃自我,不思进取,愿意让自己走向道德或行为的低谷。并无明确历史故事,常用来自我警醒或批评他人。 'Zì gān duòluò' describes someone who willingly gives up self-improvement and lets themselves slip into moral or behavioral degradation. It doesn't have a specific historical story but is often used in self-reflection or criticism of others.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: tomber, décliner, avorter
  • German: fallen, verfallen, Abtreibung
  • Spanish: caer, degradar, aborto
  • Italian: cadere, decadere, aborto
  • Portuguese: cair, decair, aborto
  • Russian: падать, деградировать, аборт
  • Arabic: يسقط، ينحط، إجهاض
  • Persian: افتادن، سقوط کردن، سقط جنین
  • Dutch: vallen, achteruitgaan, abortus
  • Polish: upaść, schodzić na złą drogę, aborcja
  • Vietnamese: rơi, suy đồi, phá thai
  • Ukrainian: падати, деградувати, аборт

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "堕") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义与起源:“堕”主要有“掉落、坠落、衰落、毁坏”等意思。本字繁体为“墮”,是形声字,形旁为“土”,声旁为“隋”。最早有“毁坏、落下”的含义。 Core Meaning & Origin: "堕" means "to fall, to decline, to ruin, or to drop." Its traditional form is "墮", a phono-semantic character with “土” (earth) as the radical and “隋” as the phonetic component. The original meanings relate to falling or destruction.

  • 文化与用法:在古文中常用如“堕落”、“堕马”、“堕入情网”等词语,时常表示道德或境况下降。例如:“堕落”意指思想或行为变坏;“堕马”指从马上摔下。 Cultural & Usage Notes: Common phrases include “堕落” (moral decline), “堕马” (falling off a horse), and “堕入情网” (falling in love). In classical literature, it often described decline or downfall, not only physical falling.

  • 易混淆点:“堕”与“坠”均有掉落之意,但“坠”更强调物理上的坠落,“堕”常指抽象、状态上的堕落或毁坏。 Easily Confused Words: "堕" and "坠" both mean "to fall." However, “坠” focuses more on physical falling, while “堕” often refers to abstract or figurative decline/destruction.

  • 常用词与成语:堕落、堕胎、堕入、堕泪、堕罪等。相关成语如“堕云霄”(指下落很快)。 Common Words & Idioms: Examples: 堕落 (to degenerate), 堕胎 (abortion), 堕泪 (to shed tears), 堕罪 (to fall into sin). Some idioms use this character as well.

  • 历史用例:如《汉书·刑法志》:“法度堕。”意为法律制度衰败、废弛。 Historical Example: In "汉书·刑法志": “法度堕” means the law becomes slack or declines.

如需更详实的象形起源信息或文化故事,当前资料较为有限。Note: More detailed etymological or cultural stories are limited based on available information.

汉字"堕"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

堕 duò用于"堕落""堕马""堕入情网"等。. 墮 "堕"的繁体字。 【简繁关系】"墮"是形声字,形符是土,声符是隋,本读huī,义为毁坏。杜预注《左传》:"墮,毁也。"又读duò,义为掉、落。《广韵·果韵》:"墮,落也。""堕"在宋代已出现,是"墮"的俗字,据草书楷化而成。

堕的解释|堕的意思|汉典"堕"字的基本解释 - 漢典

堕名城,杀豪杰,收天下之兵聚之 咸阳 。—— 西汉 · 贾谊 《过秦论》 周 道衰,法度堕。—— 《汉书·刑法志》 敌人纷堕如落叶。—— 清 · 徐珂 《清稗类钞·战事类》 又如:堕废(毁坏;衰落);堕罪(降罪);堕地(落地。指出生);堕局(落入骗避);堕睫(落泪);堕坠 ...

更多图片 (堕 More Images) ()