孝

Pinyin: xiào | Core Meaning: filial piety; respect and care for one's parents

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 孝顺，指子女对父母的尊敬和奉养。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): filial piety; respect and care for one's parents

“孝”常用于表示对父母的尊敬和关爱，如“孝顺”、“尽孝”；也用于说明一个人有良好的品德。现代社会中，“孝”更强调关心、照顾父母的实际行动。 '孝' typically refers to showing respect and care toward one's parents, as seen in words like '孝顺' (filial obedience). In modern Chinese, it highlights both the attitude and practical actions of supporting parents, reflecting good moral character.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“孝”字上部为“老”（表示年长者），下部为“子”（表示儿女），整体形象为子女背负老人，象征子女对长辈的赡养和尊敬，因此写作“孝”。The character '孝' is composed of '老' (elder) on top and '子' (child) on the bottom, picturing a child carrying an elder. This represents the act of supporting and respecting elders, which is why the character is written this way.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指孝顺、尊敬并奉养父母。Similar to modern meaning, mainly referring to filial piety and supporting one's parents.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“孝”字最早见于甲骨文。“孝”字的上方是“老”字的一部分，下方为“子”字，表示儿子背负着年老的父母，寓意子女对父母的承担和奉养。这个字形象地表达了孝顺的观念，是中华文化中重要的道德规范。The character '孝' originated from oracle bone script. The upper part of '孝' is derived from '老' (old/elder), and the lower part '子' means child or son, symbolizing a child carrying or supporting an elderly parent. This pictorial representation embodies the traditional concept of filial piety, a core value in Chinese culture.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“孝”较为抽象，上部像“老”字的简化形，下部为“子”，整体像小孩背着长者。 In oracle bone script, '孝' appears abstract; the top part resembles a simplified '老', and the lower part is '子', resembling a child carrying an elder.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“孝”的结构更为清晰，上面依然保留“老”的符号，下方为“子”，书写更圆润。 In bronze inscriptions, the structure of '孝' becomes clearer, still showing '老' symbol above and '子' below, with smoother, more rounded strokes.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“孝”结构变得修长而对称，上下组合，线条流畅，形式更加规范化。 In small seal script, '孝' adopts a taller, more symmetrical structure; the elements are smoothly connected and more standardized in form.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中的“孝”笔画方正，横向展开，上下分明，更接近现代写法。 In clerical script, '孝' features broader, more angular strokes, and the upper and lower parts are clearly separated, approaching the modern character structure.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“孝”笔画规范清晰，易于识别，由“老”字头和“子”字组成。 In modern regular script, '孝' has clear, standardized strokes, easily recognized as a combination of the 'old' radical and the 'child' character.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

孝顺 (filial; dutiful and respectful toward one's parents)

xiàoshùn

他一直非常孝顺父母。

Pinyin: Tā yīzhí fēicháng xiàoshùn fùmǔ.

Eng: He has always been very filial to his parents.

尽孝 (to fulfill filial duties; to show filial piety)

jìn xiào

即使工作再忙，他也会抽时间尽孝。

Pinyin: Jíshǐ gōngzuò zài máng, tā yě huì chōu shíjiān jìn xiào.

Eng: No matter how busy he is, he always finds time to fulfill his filial duties.

孝心 (filial devotion; filial love)

xiàoxīn

她对父母怀有深厚的孝心。

Pinyin: Tā duì fùmǔ huái yǒu shēnhòu de xiàoxīn.

Eng: She holds deep filial devotion for her parents.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

卧冰求鲤 wò bīng qiú lǐ

Meaning: to lie on ice for carp; extreme filial piety

古代有个叫王祥的人，他的继母想吃鲤鱼，但天气严寒，河面结冰。王祥便脱下衣服卧在冰上，用自己的体温融化冰层，终于捕到鲤鱼献给母亲。这则故事象征极致的孝心。 Long ago, Wang Xiang's stepmother craved carp during a freezing winter. With the river frozen, Wang Xiang lay on the ice, melting it with his body heat until he could catch carp for his mother. This story has come to symbolize extreme acts of filial piety.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: piété filiale
  • German: kindliche Pietät
  • Spanish: piedad filial
  • Italian: pietà filiale
  • Portuguese: piedade filial
  • Russian: сыновняя почтительность
  • Arabic: البر الوالدي
  • Persian: پارسایی فرزندی
  • Dutch: kinderlijke piëteit
  • Polish: synowska pobożność
  • Vietnamese: hiếu thảo
  • Ukrainian: синівська шанобливість

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "孝" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "孝" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "孝") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

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核心含义与象形起源：
“孝”是指对父母长辈的尊敬与顺从，是中华传统美德的核心之一。在甲骨文中，“孝”字像一个孩子搀扶老人的形象，表达了“孝顺”的本义。这个字在历史上经历了多次演变，但都保留了这一核心寓意。 Core meaning & pictographic origin:
“孝” means filial piety—showing respect and care for parents or elders, which is a key virtue in Chinese culture. In oracle bone script, the character depicts a child supporting an elder, visually representing its meaning. The form of the character has changed through history but always kept this essence.

文化背景：
“孝”被《孝经》和《左传》等古代典籍称为“德之本”、“礼之始”，强调其在道德体系与社会礼仪中的基础地位。 Cultural background:
Classical texts like the "Classic of Filial Piety (Xiao Jing)" and "Zuo Zhuan" describe "孝" as the foundation of virtue and the beginning of etiquette, highlighting its importance in social and moral life.

特别用法与常见搭配：
除主要含义外，“孝”在古代还可作名词，指丧服（如“孝服”、“孝幔”、“孝衣”），以及与丧礼相关的表达（如“穿孝”、“戴孝”、“脱孝”、“披麻戴孝”）。 Special usages & common collocations:
Besides its main meaning, "孝" can refer to mourning attire in ancient times, with expressions such as "孝服 (mourning dress)", "戴孝 (to wear mourning)", or "披麻戴孝 (to wear hemp and mourning hat during funerals)".

  • 常用词/成语： 孝顺（filial piety）、披麻戴孝（to wear mourning attire）等。
  • Common words/phrases: "孝顺" (filial piety), "披麻戴孝" (to mourn for the deceased, literally: to wear hemp and mourning headwear), etc.

易混淆点： 当前“孝”主要指孝顺、孝敬。其作丧服义仅限于较正式或书面语境。 Potential confusion: In modern usage, "孝" primarily means filial piety; its meaning as mourning attire is limited to formal or literary contexts.

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汉字"孝"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

慈惠爱亲为 孝 。协时肇享为 孝 、五宗安之曰 孝 ，秉德不回曰 孝 。——《周书 • 谥法》 夫 孝 ，德之本也。又，天之经也，民之行也。——《 孝 经》 孝 ，礼之始也。——《左传 • 文公二年》 ②名词：丧服。 孝服 孝幔 孝衣 / 穿孝 戴孝 脱孝 披麻戴孝

细说汉字：孝 - 漢文化 - 通識 - 漢典

"从甲骨文孝字形体结构看，孝字像一个孩子搀扶老人之形，本义为孝顺。孝字战国楚简开始就有了隶书的意味，秦代睡虎地秦墓竹简、汉初马王堆汉墓帛书中的孝字直接承袭战国楚简孝字形体而来，最后演变为汉魏隶书及今天的楷书形体。 ... ——《字源》 ...

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