主

Pinyin: zhǔ | Core Meaning: master, host, main, to be in charge, principal person or thing

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 主人，主要的人或事物，支配、掌管的人。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): master, host, main, to be in charge, principal person or thing

“主”常用作名词，表示拥有和支配的人（如主人）、重要或核心的事物（如主要）；也用作动词，表示主持、主张。常见于名词、动词和组成复合词（如主人、主意、主要、主持）。 In modern Chinese, '主' is often used as a noun meaning 'master' or 'host', or as an adjective/adverb meaning 'main' or 'principal'. It can also function as a verb meaning 'to preside' or 'to advocate'. Commonly appears in compound words like '主人' (owner), '主意' (idea), '主要' (main), and '主持' (to host).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“主”是会意字，上面的“丶”表示头，下方像支柱，合起来象征着头顶负重，意为中心或主宰之人。字形结构表达了居于顶端，拥有主导权的人或事物。'主' is an ideogram: the top dot suggests a head, while the bottom part looks like a pillar, symbolizing a person bearing weight or responsibility at the center. The structure indicates someone or something in a dominant, leading position.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指主人、主宰、纲领等。Similar to modern meaning, mainly referring to master, host, chief, or guiding principle.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“主”字最早出现于甲骨文，其上部为“丶”（点）象征头部，下部像“止”或柱子，表示一个人头顶有重物，象征着支配和主宰。后来演变为表示身份、权利和中心地位的人或事物。'主' first appeared in oracle bone script. Its upper part is a dot representing a head, and the lower part looks like a pillar or the character '止', symbolizing a person carrying something important on their head, indicating control, dominance, or central status. Later, it evolved to mean a person or thing possessing identity, authority, or central importance.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“主”字上方为一小点或圆，象征人的头，下为类似“止”的形体，像柱子或人的身体，整体表示一个重要的人。 In oracle bone script, '主' is shown with a small dot above, representing a head, and a form below resembling '止' (a pillar or body), conveying the idea of an important person.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“主”形体更为圆润，头部和柱状身体更为明显，整体结构与甲骨文相似。 In bronze inscriptions, the form of '主' is more rounded, with a clearer distinction between the head and pillar-like body; overall structure is similar to the oracle bone script.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆的“主”字形线条流畅，上小点，下长形直柱，结构对称简洁，突出中心与首领之意。 In Small Seal Script, '主' has smooth lines: a small dot above and a long vertical pillar below; the structure is balanced and simple, emphasizing the central or leader meaning.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“主”结构趋于扁平，点在横画上方，下为横折勾，符合隶书普遍风格。 In Clerical Script, '主' becomes more flattened, the dot sits above a horizontal stroke, with the lower part forming a horizontal and hook, matching clerical script style.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“主”的写法为上有一点，下为“王”的变体，结构稳定，书写规范。 In modern Regular Script, '主' is written with a dot on top and a variant of '王' below, featuring stable structure and standard form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

主人 (master; host; owner)

zhǔ rén

他是这只狗的主人。

Pinyin: Tā shì zhè zhī gǒu de zhǔrén.

Eng: He is the owner of this dog.

主要 (main; primary; principal)

zhǔ yào

学习是学生的主要任务。

Pinyin: Xuéxí shì xuéshēng de zhǔyào rènwù.

Eng: Studying is the main task for students.

主持 (to preside over; to host)

zhǔ chí

她负责主持会议。

Pinyin: Tā fùzé zhǔchí huìyì.

Eng: She is responsible for hosting the meeting.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

自作主张 zì zuò zhǔ zhāng

Meaning: to act on one's own initiative; to make decisions on one's own

这个成语形容未经他人同意，自己做决定。早期多用来批评擅自做主，不请示他人的行为。 This idiom describes making decisions without others' consent, acting independently. It was often used in early times to criticize those who made decisions on their own without consulting others.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: maître; principal; hôte
  • German: Meister; Haupt-; Gastgeber
  • Spanish: dueño; principal; anfitrión
  • Italian: padrone; principale; ospite
  • Portuguese: mestre; principal; anfitrião
  • Russian: хозяин; главный; ведущий
  • Arabic: المالك؛ الرئيسي؛ المضيف
  • Persian: صاحب؛ اصلی؛ میزبان
  • Dutch: meester; hoofd-; gastheer
  • Polish: gospodarz; główny; właściciel
  • Vietnamese: chủ; chính; chủ nhà
  • Ukrainian: хазяїн; головний; ведучий

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "主" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "主" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "主") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

主（拼音：zhǔ）是汉语的一级通用汉字，最早见于商代甲骨文。 主 (pinyin: zhǔ) is a commonly used Chinese character, first found in Oracle Bone Script from the Shang dynasty.

此字的甲骨文字形像灯中有火炷，意为“灯心”或“烛芯”。因火头为灯的核心部分，主由此引申为“主要的、突出的”。 The earliest form of this character depicts a lamp with a flame or a wick, signifying “the lamp’s core”. Because the wick is the main part of a lamp, the meaning of 主 evolved to include “main” or “principal”.

后来，主又引申指“君主”、“主人”（即对人有支配权或所属权者），以及“当事人”等。 Later, 主 extended to mean “ruler”, “master/owner” (one with dominance or ownership), and “the main person involved”.

  • 常用词语：主人（owner, master），主意（idea, opinion），主要（main, principal），做主（to make decisions）。 Common words: 主人 (owner, master), 主意 (idea/opinion), 主要 (main/principal), 做主 (to make decisions).
  • 易混淆点：“主”与“助”（帮助）在字形、读音上较为接近，容易混淆。 Common confusion: “主” (main, master) is easily confused with “助” (to help) due to their similar appearance and pronunciation.
  • 相关成语：自作主张（to make decisions on one’s own），主宾不分（to confuse host and guest）。 Related idioms: 自作主张 (act on one’s own initiative), 主宾不分 (to mistake host and guest roles).
```

汉字"主"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 请输入您要查询的汉字： 汉字: 主: 字源: 主. zh ...

主（汉语文字）_百度百科

主（拼音：zhǔ）是汉语一级通用汉字（常用字） [1] 。 此字始见于商代甲骨文 [2] ，其古字形像灯中有火炷的样子，是" 炷 "的初文。 对于灯来讲火头是最主要的，因此引申指最基本的、最突出的，又引申转指君主，再引申指对奴隶或仆役拥有所属权的人，还引申指当事人。

更多图片 (主 More Images) ()

主 - 更多图片 (More Images) (modelslab_artistic_v2)