基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 痛苦、悲伤、凄惨,形容极端的不幸、苦难或悲剧性的情感和情景。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): miserable, tragic, wretched, to describe extreme suffering, misfortune, or tragic situations.

“惨”常用作形容词,表示非常严重的悲痛或不幸,例如‘惨剧’(tragic event)、‘惨败’(crushing defeat)、‘惨死’(tragic death)等。可表达情感、遭遇或景象的极端恶劣程度。 '惨' is most often used as an adjective in modern Chinese to emphasize extreme pain, sadness, tragedy, or misfortune. It commonly appears in compounds such as '惨剧' (tragic event), '惨败' (crushing defeat), and '惨死' (tragic death), describing emotional states, events, or situations of exceptional severity.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“惨”字左边为‘忄’(心),代表感情、内心,右边的‘参’有混杂、繁复之意。整体表示内心情感的复杂交织,即极度痛苦、悲切的情绪。字形结构体现悲惨情感与复杂心情的结合。The left part of '惨' is '忄' (the heart radical), symbolizing emotion and the inner self, while the right part is '参', meaning complex or mixed. Together, the structure conveys the idea of deeply entangled suffering and sadness, representing the combination of tragic feelings and complicated emotions.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近,通常指情感或遭遇的极端痛苦、悲伤。Similar to modern meaning; usually refers to extreme suffering or sadness in emotion or circumstances.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“惨”字最早起源于“慘”字。从字形结构看,‘惨’左边为‘忄’(心旁),表示与心情、感情相关,右边为‘參’,有‘掺杂、繁杂’之意。古人用‘惨’来形容内心极度复杂、悲切的感受,表达极度痛苦与悲伤。The character '惨' originated from the traditional character '慘'. The left part is '忄', meaning 'heart', indicating an emotional aspect, while the right part '參' suggests 'mixed' or 'complex'. Ancient people used '惨' to express complex and intense feelings of grief or pain, denoting extreme suffering and sadness.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未见到与“惨”完全一致的字形,多用其本字“參”或与情感相关的‘忄’旁字形结合表达类似含义。 In Oracle Bone Script, the exact character '惨' wasn't found; instead, its original form '參' or characters with the '忄' (heart) radical were used to express similar emotional meanings.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文时期‘惨’多以‘參’为主,尚未见到独立的‘惨’字,用于描述复杂或混合之意。 '惨' did not independently appear in Bronze Inscriptions; instead, '參' (complex/mixed) was primarily used, conveying similar nuances.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中出现了“慘”字,左边‘心’作表意,右为‘參’。整体结构清晰地表达与心理感受相关的复杂情感。 The '慘' character appeared in Small Seal Script, with '心' (heart) on the left for emotion and '參' on the right, structurally reflecting the meaning of complex feelings related to the heart.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书阶段‘慘’字的结构进一步方正规范,笔画变得平直,易于书写。 In Clerical Script, '慘' became more standardized and squarish, with more angular and straight strokes for easier writing.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代简化为“惨”,‘忄’(心旁)加‘参’,结构简单,保留了情感和复合之意。 In modern Regular Script, the simplified form '惨' uses '忄' (heart radical) and '参', showing a simpler structure while retaining the emotional and complex connotations.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

惨痛 (deeply painful; bitter)

cǎntòng

这场失败给我们留下了惨痛的教训。

Pinyin: Zhè chǎng shībài gěi wǒmen liúxiàle cǎntòng de jiàoxùn.

Eng: This failure left us with a bitter lesson.

惨剧 (tragedy; tragic event)

cǎnjù

火灾造成了一场惨剧。

Pinyin: Huǒzāi zàochéngle yī chǎng cǎnjù.

Eng: The fire resulted in a tragedy.

惨败 (crushing defeat)

cǎnbài

我们的球队在比赛中惨败。

Pinyin: Wǒmen de qiúduì zài bǐsài zhōng cǎnbài.

Eng: Our team suffered a crushing defeat in the match.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

悲惨世界 bēicǎn shìjiè

Meaning: a world full of misery; refers to Victor Hugo's novel 'Les Misérables'

“悲惨世界”原指法国作家雨果的著名小说,后用来形容充满苦难和不幸的社会环境或生活。 '悲惨世界' originally refers to Victor Hugo's famous novel 'Les Misérables', but is now often used to describe a world or life filled with misery and suffering.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: tragique, misérable
  • German: grausam, schrecklich, tragisch
  • Spanish: trágico, miserable
  • Italian: tragico, misero
  • Portuguese: trágico, miserável
  • Russian: ужасный, трагический, несчастный
  • Arabic: مأساوي، بائس
  • Persian: تراژیک، غم‌انگیز
  • Dutch: tragisch, ellendig
  • Polish: tragiczny, nędzny
  • Vietnamese: bi thảm, thảm khốc
  • Ukrainian: жахливий, трагічний, нещасний

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "惨") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义:“惨”表示非常悲痛、凄凉、痛苦的情感或处境,多带有极端、令人伤心的色彩。Core Meaning: The character “惨” conveys a sense of intense sorrow, misery, or suffering, often referring to distressing or tragic situations.

象形起源:据甲骨文研究,“惨”的早期字形及其象形本义资料有限,但现代用法主要强调与痛苦、不幸相关的含义。Pictographic Origin: While Oracle Bone Script studies show limited direct imagery for “惨”, its modern meaning focuses on pain and misfortune.

  • 常用词语:如“凄惨”(extremely miserable)、“悲惨”(tragic)、“惨不忍言”(too tragic to be put into words),多用于形容极度不幸或痛苦的场景。 Common phrases: Words like “凄惨” (intensely miserable), “悲惨” (tragic), and idioms such as “惨不忍言” (too tragic to speak of) often describe extreme suffering or misery.

易混淆点:“惨”与“惨淡”的“惨”不同于“彩色”的“彩”,注意区分。Common Confusions: Do not confuse “惨” with “彩” (as in colorful); they are unrelated in meaning and character structure.

补充说明:根据已提供资料,关于“惨”字的象形解释或独特的文化背景信息有限,建议查阅专业甲骨文辞典获取更详细资料。 Note: There is limited information here on the pictographic origin or unique cultural background of “惨”; for details, consult specialized Oracle Bone Script dictionaries.

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惨的解释|惨的意思|汉典"惨"字的基本解释 - 漢典

死事之惨,以辛亥三月二十九日围攻两广督署之役为最。 —— 孙文 《黄花冈七十二烈士事略·序》 又如:凄惨(凄凉悲惨);悲惨(处境或遭遇极其痛苦,令人伤心);惨不忍言(不忍心把悲惨情形说出口)

更多图片 (惨 More Images) ()