拂

Pinyin: fú | Core Meaning: to brush off, to flick; to touch lightly; to go against or disobey.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 擦过、掸去，用手轻轻触及或扫除；引申为违背、相反。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to brush off, to flick; to touch lightly; to go against or disobey.

“拂”常用于表示用手、衣袖、物体等轻轻地扫过或掸掉灰尘，也可作“违背、与……不符”解，“拂逆”。常见于诗文与书面语。 '拂' is commonly used to express lightly brushing, flicking, or sweeping something away (e.g., dust) with the hand or an object such as a sleeve. It can also mean 'to go against' as in '拂逆' (to disobey or be contrary). Most often seen in literary writing or formal speech.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“拂”字左边是‘扌’表示与手有关的动作，右边‘弗’作声旁，也有‘背离、不顺从’的含义，整体表示用手轻扫、拂去，或引申为违背。The left part of '拂' is the 'hand' radical (扌), suggesting actions done by hand. The right component '弗' serves as the phonetic part and also signifies the sense of 'divergence' or 'noncompliance'. Together, the character denotes the action of brushing away with the hand, or by extension, going against (to violate).

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，既可以表示用手掠过、拨动，也作‘违背’解释，用于文言语境中。Similar to modern meaning, referring both to brushing or flicking with the hand and to going against or not conforming, often used in Classical Chinese contexts.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“拂”字最早见于商周时期的古文字，由“手”（扌）和“弗”组成，表示用手把物体从表面轻轻去除或避开。早期多描述用手扫除、拂动，也含‘违背’之意。The character '拂' first appeared in ancient scripts from the Shang and Zhou dynasties. It is composed of the 'hand' radical (扌) and the phonetic component '弗', representing the action of gently removing or brushing something away with the hand. In its early use, it described actions like sweeping, brushing, or even diverging from something.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未发现“拂”字的独立形式，但相关含义可能通过“手”和“弗”等组合表意。 The individual form of '拂' was not clearly found in Oracle Bone Script, but similar meanings may have been expressed through combinations of the 'hand' and '弗' components.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中出现了“扌”和“弗”的组合，字形表现为一只手在下，‘弗’在上，表示用手动作，已具备现代意涵的雏形。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '拂' appears as a combination of the hand radical at the bottom and '弗' on top, clearly showing a hand action. It already closely hints at the modern meaning.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“拂”结构清晰，由‘扌’和‘弗’组成，字形修长，线条柔和。 In Small Seal Script, '拂' is clearly structured with the hand (扌) and '弗' components, elongated and with smooth lines.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时期“拂”结构扁平化，横画明显，笔画转折分明，更接近今天的书写。 '拂' in Clerical Script becomes more flattened, with pronounced horizontals and angular strokes, resembling modern writing.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代汉字“拂”即为‘扌’旁加‘弗’，结构紧凑，笔画清晰。 In modern regular script, '拂' is composed of the '扌' (hand) radical and '弗', compact in structure and with clear strokes.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

拂尘 (a fly-whisk (a tool for sweeping dust, traditional in Buddhist or Daoist contexts))

fú chén

扫地僧总是带着一把拂尘。

Pinyin: Sǎodì sēng zǒng shì dàizhe yī bǎ fúchén.

Eng: The sweeping monk always carries a fly-whisk.

拂晓 (dawn, daybreak)

fú xiǎo

我们在拂晓时分出发。

Pinyin: Wǒmen zài fúxiǎo shífēn chūfā.

Eng: We set out at daybreak.

拂面 (to brush against the face (often referring to wind))

fú miàn

春风拂面，让人心旷神怡。

Pinyin: Chūnfēng fúmiàn, ràng rén xīnkuàngshényí.

Eng: The spring breeze brushes against your face, making you feel refreshed and happy.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

迎风拂面 yíng fēng fú miàn

Meaning: to have the wind blowing gently on one's face; to feel a gentle wind against one's face

此成语形容人在户外，和风轻轻拂过脸颊，表示舒适愉快的情景。 This idiom describes the pleasant sensation of being outdoors with a gentle breeze lightly brushing the face, conveying comfort and happiness.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: brosser, effleurer, aller à l'encontre
  • German: streifen, abwischen, entgegenstehen
  • Spanish: rozar, sacudir, ir en contra
  • Italian: sfiorare, spazzare via, andare contro
  • Portuguese: roçar, limpar, contrariar
  • Russian: смахивать, проводит рукой, противоречить
  • Arabic: يمسح بخفة، يزيل، يعارض
  • Persian: برس زدن، زدودن، مخالفت کردن
  • Dutch: afstoffen, licht aanraken, tegenwerken
  • Polish: muskać, usuwać, sprzeciwiać się
  • Vietnamese: phẩy, phủi, chống lại
  • Ukrainian: змахувати, торкатися, йти наперекір

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "拂" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "拂" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "拂") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“拂”是一个形声字，左边“手”表示与手的动作相关，右边“弗”为声旁。"拂" is a phono-semantic compound character. The left part “手” (hand) indicates its relation to hand movements, and the right part “弗” provides the pronunciation.

  • 核心含义： 本义为“掠过、擦过”，即用手轻轻拂过表面。如《楚辞·大招》：“长袂拂面。” 也可引申为“振动、甩动”以及“除去、拔出”。 Core Meaning: The original meaning is "to brush past or touch lightly," as in using a hand to gently sweep across a surface. It can also extend to "sway, shake," or "remove, get rid of."

  • 象形起源与文化背景： “拂”由“手”和“弗”组成，意为用手做出否定、挥舞、擦拭等动作。源自古人用手挥动，表达拒绝或去除某物。 Pictographic Origin & Cultural Background: "拂" is made up of "hand" and "弗" (a character related to negation). This suggests actions like waving the hand to refuse or to sweep away something.

  • 常见用法与词汇： “拂晓”指天刚亮（黎明），常用成语有“拂袖而去”（形容生气时甩袖离开）。 Common Usage & Words: "拂晓" refers to daybreak or dawn. The idiom “拂袖而去” literally means "to swing one’s sleeve and leave", describing someone leaving in anger.

  • 易混淆点： “拂”与“佛”字形相近，注意不要混淆。两者含义和用法完全不同。 Common Confusion: "拂" and "佛" look similar but have different meanings and usages; avoid mixing them up.

资料有限，如需深入了解，建议查阅权威字典或古文原著。 Information is limited; for deeper understanding, consulting authoritative dictionaries or classical literature is recommended.

汉字"拂"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

《说文》257页 《篆隶表》874页. 形声字。从手，弗声。本义是掠过，擦过。 《易·颐》："拂颐，贞凶。" 《楚辞·大招》："长袂拂面，善留客只。 " （只，语气词，无义） 引申为振动，甩动，又引申为除去，拔出等义。 由于掠过要接近物体表面，又引申为接近，如拂晓。

【拂】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

汉字的来历和演变(說文解字 篆體字)甲骨文密码【甲骨密码】【其他解读】弗，表示否定。 ... 拂，篆文=（手）+（弗，否定），造字本义：挥手表示 . rss. ... 汉字甲骨文破译字典》一书中，破解的古诗、竹简等古文作品收录在《新编甲骨文破译案例解析 ...

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