却

Pinyin: què | Core Meaning: to retreat, to step back; but, yet, however (used to indicate contrast or turn).

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 返回、退后；可是、然而，用于转折。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to retreat, to step back; but, yet, however (used to indicate contrast or turn).

“却”常用于句中或句首，表达转折，如“他很努力，却没成功”。有时也作动词“退却”用，表示后退。 ‘却’ is frequently used to indicate contrast or a turn in meaning within a sentence, much like 'but' or 'however'. For example: 'He worked hard, but didn’t succeed.' Sometimes used as a verb, meaning 'to retreat' or 'step back', especially in compounds like '退却'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“却”左边的“卩”象形为跪坐弯腿的人，右边的“去”表示离开、行动。合起来表达后退、躲避之意，后引申转为表示转折。The left component '卩' is a pictograph of a kneeling or crouched person, while the right side '去' indicates leaving or moving. Combined, they symbolize the act of stepping back or retreating, which later developed into its function as a conjunction meaning contrast or transition.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要表示退却、后退，有时引申为拒绝。Similar to modern meaning; mainly denoted retreat or step back, sometimes also extended to mean refusal.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“却”最早由“卩”和“去”组成。卩表示屈膝跪坐的人，去代表动作。“却”原表示后退、撤退的意思，后引申为转折连词。‘却’ was originally composed of '卩' (depicting a kneeling person) and '去' (indicating movement). The character first conveyed the meaning of stepping back or retreating, and later evolved into a conjunction indicating contrast or a turn.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
在甲骨文中，暂无“却”字的出土，但相关词表达‘后退’的意义常用其他方式。 In Oracle Bone Script, the exact character '却' has not been found, but related expressions for 'retreat' were often represented by other symbols.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“却”字逐渐出现，结构已包含“卩”和“去”，形体简略却表达后退之意。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the character '却' began to appear, already combining '卩' and '去', with a simplified form but conveying the idea of retreat.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“却”字结构清晰，由“卩”在左、“去”在右，字形修长。 In Small Seal Script, the structure of '却' is clear, with '卩' on the left and '去' on the right, giving an elongated appearance.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书使“却”字笔画横平竖直，结构趋向现代，线条简化。 In Clerical Script, '却' adopts more horizontal and vertical strokes, moving toward its modern structure with simplified lines.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“却”字结构紧凑，用于书写和印刷体，与日常所见一致。 In modern Regular Script, '却' has a compact structure, commonly seen in handwritten and printed forms today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

退却 (to retreat; to draw back)

tuìquè

面对困难，他从未退却。

Pinyin: Miàn duì kùnnán, tā cóng wèi tuìquè.

Eng: Faced with difficulties, he never retreated.

却步 (to draw back; to recoil)

quèbù

他在关键时刻却步了。

Pinyin: Tā zài guānjiàn shíkè quèbù le.

Eng: He drew back at the critical moment.

却说 (but say (often used at the start of narrative shifts in classical texts, like in stories))

quèshuō

却说三国时期，英雄辈出。

Pinyin: Què shuō Sān Guó shíqī, yīngxióng bèi chū.

Eng: But speaking of the Three Kingdoms era, it was a time of many heroes.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: mais, cependant, reculer
  • German: aber, jedoch, zurückweichen
  • Spanish: pero, sin embargo, retroceder
  • Italian: ma, tuttavia, ritirarsi
  • Portuguese: mas, porém, recuar
  • Russian: но, однако, отступать
  • Arabic: لكن، مع ذلك، يتراجع
  • Persian: اما، با این حال، عقب‌نشینی کردن
  • Dutch: maar, echter, terugtrekken
  • Polish: ale, jednak, wycofywać się
  • Vietnamese: nhưng, tuy nhiên, rút lui
  • Ukrainian: але, однак, відступати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "却" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "却" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "却") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

汉字“却”核心含义及文化背景The Core Meaning and Cultural Background of the Character "却"

  • “却”最常见的含义包括：①退、退回（to retreat, to step back）；②拒绝（to refuse）；③消失、失去（to disappear, to lose）；④副词，表示转折、反而（however, on the contrary）。 "却" commonly means: (1) to retreat or move back; (2) to refuse; (3) to lose or disappear; (4) as an adverb, it indicates a contrary or unexpected situation (however, on the contrary).

  • 关于字形起源，“却”在甲骨文中有象形本义，早期含义主要与“退后”相关，但具体象形形态网上资料有限。 About its pictographic origin: "却" in oracle bone inscriptions had the original meaning related to "moving back" or retreating, though detailed pictographic analysis is scarce online.

  • “却”用作副词表示转折，与“但、可是”类似，如“他很累，却坚持工作。”（He was very tired, but he still kept working.） As an adverb, "却" expresses contrast, similar to "but" or "however," e.g., "他很累，却坚持工作。"

  • “却”常见易混淆点：与“去”形近音近，注意区分；“却”可做动词和副词，应根据语境理解。 Common confusion: "却" looks and sounds similar to "去" (to go); pay attention to context since "却" can be both a verb and an adverb.

  • 常用词：却步（to stop and turn back），拒却（to reject），忘却（to forget），冷却（to cool down），失却（to lose）。 Common words: 却步 (to stop and retreat), 拒却 (to reject), 忘却 (to forget), 冷却 (to cool down), 失却 (to lose).

成语举例： 盛情难却（hard to refuse one’s kindness/flattery），却之不恭（it would be impolite to refuse）。 Sample idioms: 盛情难却 (hard to refuse kindness), 却之不恭 (it would be impolite to refuse).

本次查询的甲骨文信息较少，如需深入了解象形本义，建议查阅权威甲骨文资料。 There is limited information on the oracle bone form of "却." For in-depth study, please consult specialized references.

汉字"却"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

却 看妻子愁何在。——唐 • 杜甫《闻官军收河南河北》 却 坐促弦弦转急。——唐 • 白居易《琵琶行（并序）》 ②动词：拒绝。 却之不恭 / 盛情难却 ③动词：消失，失去 。 却病延年 / 冷却 忘却 失却信心 ④副词：反而。 才下眉头却上心头

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