扣

Pinyin: kòu | Core Meaning: to knock, to button, to fasten, to deduct, to hook.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 用手敲打、钩住、扣住或系紧。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to knock, to button, to fasten, to deduct, to hook.

“扣”常用于表达敲门（如‘敲门’）、扣上纽扣、扣减工资、扣住东西等动作。还可引申指扣留或保留（如‘扣押’）。与“扣分”、“扣工资”、“扣按钮”等词组合使用。 In modern Chinese, '扣' is used in contexts such as knocking (on a door), buttoning clothes, deducting (wages or points), or fastening/hooking objects. It can also mean 'to withhold' or 'to detain' in phrases like '扣押' (to detain). Common collocations include '扣分' (deduct points), '扣工资' (deduct wages), and '扣按钮' (button up).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“扣”字左边是“扌”（表示手），右边是“口”（表示口或门口），整体表示用手在门口敲打或用手钩住某物的意思。The character '扣' consists of the 'hand' (扌) radical on the left and 'mouth' (口) on the right, together symbolizing the action of using the hand to knock at an entrance or to hook/fasten something.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要表示用手叩击、敲门，也有系紧、扣住、拘留之义。Similar to modern meaning, mainly refers to knocking with the hand, fastening, withholding or detaining.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“扣”字最早的含义与用手钩住或敲打有关。其早期字形表现为一只手和一个口，表示用手敲打（如敲门时用手叩门），后来引申为扣住、扣紧等意思。The earliest meaning of '扣' is related to using a hand to hook or knock. The early forms of the character combine the element for 'hand' and 'mouth', representing the act of knocking (such as knocking on a door). Over time, its meaning expanded to fastening or buttoning.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“扣”的字形尚未完全定型，但部分字形已初见‘手’与‘口’的组合，表现出手敲击口的意思。 In Oracle Bone Script, the form of '扣' was not yet fully standardized, but some versions already show the combination of 'hand' and 'mouth', depicting the action of hand knocking or striking a mouth.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“扣”的字形更加清晰，通常呈现出‘手’和‘口’的组合，强调用手去触碰或敲打的动作。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the shape of '扣' becomes clearer, usually showing a 'hand' and 'mouth' component, emphasizing the action of touching or knocking with the hand.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“扣”字结构规整，由‘手’（扌）和‘口’两部分组成，象形意味更强。 In Small Seal Script, '扣' appears more regular, composed clearly of the 'hand' (扌) and 'mouth' (口) elements, making the pictographic meaning more apparent.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时期“扣”字更加扁平化，笔画变直，但基本结构仍保持‘扌’和‘口’两部分。 In Clerical Script, '扣' becomes more flattened and the strokes straighter, but the basic structure of 'hand' and 'mouth' components remains.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“扣”字左边为‘扌’（手的偏旁），右边是‘口’，结构简洁明了。 In modern Regular Script, the character '扣' has the radical for 'hand' (扌) on the left and 'mouth' (口) on the right, with a clear and simple structure.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

扣分 (to deduct points)

kòu fēn

考试作弊会被扣分。

Pinyin: Kǎoshì zuòbì huì bèi kòu fēn.

Eng: Cheating in exams will result in point deductions.

扣钮扣 (to button (clothes))

kòu niǔkòu

请把外套的钮扣扣好。

Pinyin: Qǐng bǎ wàitào de niǔkòu kòu hǎo.

Eng: Please button up your coat.

扣门 (to knock on the door)

kòu mén

他轻轻地扣门，怕吵到别人。

Pinyin: Tā qīngqīng de kòu mén, pà chǎo dào biérén.

Eng: He knocked on the door gently, afraid of disturbing others.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: frapper, boutonner, déduire, accrocher
  • German: klopfen, zuknöpfen, abziehen, befestigen
  • Spanish: llamar (a la puerta), abotonar, descontar, enganchar
  • Italian: bussare, abbottonare, detrarre, agganciare
  • Portuguese: bater (na porta), abotoar, deduzir, prender
  • Russian: стучать, застёгивать, вычитать, прикреплять
  • Arabic: يطرق (الباب)، يزرر، يخصم، يعلّق
  • Persian: زدن (به در)، دکمه بستن، کسر کردن، قلاب کردن
  • Dutch: kloppen, dichtknopen, aftrekken, vastmaken
  • Polish: pukać, zapinać, odliczać, zaczepiać
  • Vietnamese: gõ (cửa), cài nút, trừ đi, móc vào
  • Ukrainian: стукати, застібати, відраховувати, зачіпляти

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "扣" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "扣" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "扣") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与象形起源：“扣”本义为用手敲击某物，例如“敲门”（如“扣门”）。甲骨文和篆书中，“扣”字由“手”和“器皿的开口”组成，表示手覆盖或按压器皿的开口，形象体现动作。 Core meaning & origin: The character “扣” (kòu) originally means “to knock” or “to tap,” such as “knocking on a door.” In oracle bone and seal script, it combines the symbols for “hand” and “mouth/opening of a vessel,” depicting a hand covering or pressing an opening—an image of action.

常见用法与相关词语：“扣”常用于表达敲击、扣除（如“扣工资”）、系扣子（如“扣上纽扣”）。相关常用词有：扣分（deduct points）、扣环（buckle）、扣留（detain）、扣押（seize or detain）。 Common usages & words: “扣” is widely used in contexts like knocking, deducting (e.g. “deduct salary”), or buttoning up (e.g. “button up”). Frequent words include: 扣分 (deduct points), 扣环 (buckle), 扣留 (detain), 扣押 (seize/detain).

  • 易混淆点：“扣”有动词和名词用法，常与“扣子”（button）及“扣除”混淆。 Easy confusion: “扣” can be both a verb and a noun, and is sometimes confused with “扣子” (button) and “扣除” (to deduct).

文化背景：在中国古代，门一般不上锁，需要用手敲门报信，因此“扣门”成为重要生活用语，保留至今。 Cultural note: In ancient China, doors were often unlocked, so knocking (“扣门”) was an important social custom that remains today.

【扣】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

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