怕

Pinyin: pà | Core Meaning: to fear, to be afraid, to dread; to feel scared.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 害怕，畏惧；感到恐惧。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to fear, to be afraid, to dread; to feel scared.

“怕”常用于表示心理上的害怕、担忧或对某事物存有恐惧，如“怕黑”、“不怕苦”。可以做动词（如：我怕狗），也可以与否定词连用（如：不怕）。有时还用于表达担心发生某事（如：我怕他迟到）。 ‘怕’ is usually used as a verb meaning to be afraid of, to worry about, or to dread something, e.g., '怕黑' (afraid of the dark), '不怕苦' (not afraid of hardship). It can function as a verb ('我怕狗' – I'm scared of dogs), and is also used in negative form ('不怕' – not afraid). Sometimes, it implies concern about something happening ('我怕他迟到' – I'm afraid he’ll be late).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“怕”是形声字，由表示情感的“忄”（心）和表示声音的“白”组成，形体和结构共同表达了与内心情绪有关的‘害怕’之意。'怕' is a phono-semantic compound character, made of the semantic component '忄' (heart/emotion) and the phonetic component '白'. Its structure directly connects the idea of emotion with the pronunciation, conveying the sense of 'fear' or 'being afraid'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，多指内心害怕、恐惧之意。Similar to modern meaning, mostly indicates inner fear or dread.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“怕”由“忄”（心的偏旁，表示与情感、心理有关）和“白”组成。“白”在古代有“显露、露出”的意思，整体表达内心的恐惧、畏惧的情感。“怕”并未见于甲骨文，其构造属于会意兼形声字。‘怕’ is composed of the '忄' radical (related to the heart or emotions) and '白', which in ancient times could mean 'to reveal' or 'appear'. Together, the character expresses the feeling of fear revealed from the heart. '怕' did not appear in oracle bone scripts; it is an ideogrammic-phonetic character created later.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
未见“怕”字，有关“怕”义的表达多用其他词语或“心”偏旁的相关字。 '怕' did not exist in oracle bone script; the concept of fear was expressed using other words or characters with the 'heart' radical.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中尚未出现“怕”字，类似意思多以“畏”或其他表达情感的字代替。 '怕' was not present in bronze inscriptions; similar meanings were conveyed through characters like '畏' (wei) or other emotion-related characters.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期开始有“怕”字，结构为“忄”加“白”，“白”作声旁，整体形态较为修长优美。 In the Small Seal Script era, '怕' appeared, composed of '忄' (heart/emotion radical) and '白' (serving as a phonetic component). The structure is slender and elegant.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“怕”字结构趋于扁平，笔画转为横直，形态更接近现代汉字。 In Clerical Script, '怕' became more flattened, with strokes turning horizontal and vertical, making the character closer to the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书“怕”结构为“忄”+“白”，形体规范，书写清晰明了。 In modern Regular Script, '怕' consists of '忄' plus '白', standardized and clearly legible.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

害怕 (to be afraid, to fear)

hàipà

小明很害怕打雷。

Pinyin: Xiǎo Míng hěn hàipà dǎ léi.

Eng: Xiao Ming is very afraid of thunder.

恐怕 (to be afraid that; perhaps (used to express worry))

kǒngpà

外面下雨了，恐怕要迟到了。

Pinyin: Wàimiàn xià yǔ le, kǒngpà yào chídào le.

Eng: It's raining outside; I'm afraid we might be late.

怕冷 (afraid of the cold; sensitive to cold)

pà lěng

她很怕冷，所以冬天常穿很多衣服。

Pinyin: Tā hěn pà lěng, suǒyǐ dōngtiān cháng chuān hěn duō yīfu.

Eng: She is very sensitive to the cold, so she wears a lot of clothes in winter.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

谈虎色变 tán hǔ sè biàn

Meaning: to turn pale at the mention of a tiger; to show fear at the mere mention of something

据说古人非常害怕老虎，有人一提到老虎，大家就脸色大变，非常恐惧。成语“谈虎色变”用来形容人一听到可怕的事物就表现出害怕的样子。 It is said that ancient people were very afraid of tigers. When someone mentioned a tiger, everyone would turn pale and show fear. The idiom '谈虎色变' describes someone who becomes visibly scared when hearing about something frightening.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: avoir peur, craindre
  • German: Angst haben, fürchten
  • Spanish: temer, tener miedo
  • Italian: avere paura, temere
  • Portuguese: ter medo, recear
  • Russian: бояться, страшиться
  • Arabic: يخاف، يخشى
  • Persian: ترسیدن، بیم داشتن
  • Dutch: bang zijn, vrezen
  • Polish: bać się, obawiać się
  • Vietnamese: sợ, lo sợ
  • Ukrainian: боятися, лякатися

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "怕" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "怕" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "怕") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

1. 基本含义与起源：“怕”是一个常用汉字，核心含义为“害怕，畏惧”，表示担心或恐惧的心理状态。在甲骨文中，“怕”并无明确象形字形，但其结构与“心”偏旁相关，象征情感、感觉，与心理活动密切相关。 1. Core meaning & origin: "怕" (pà) means "to fear" or "to be afraid." It expresses the feeling of worry or fear. The character is associated with the "heart" radical (心), linking it to emotions and psychological states, though it does not have an obvious pictographic form from oracle bone script.

2. 主要用法与常见表达：“怕”可以作为动词，后面可以直接接宾语（如“怕黑”、“怕冷”）。也常用于口语表达，如“恐怕”，表示“可能、担心”的意思。例如：“我恐怕不能去了”（I’m afraid I can’t go）。需注意，“恐怕”更偏向客观推测，有时与“怕”表达的主观担忧不同。 2. Main usage & common expressions: As a verb, "怕" can take an object (e.g., "怕黑" - afraid of the dark, "怕冷" - fear the cold). It also appears in common phrases such as "恐怕" ("I'm afraid that..."), which indicates probability or concern, and may be less subjective than "怕."

  • 容易混淆：“怕”与“恐怕”在意义和语气上略有区别；“恐怕”更正式、有推测色彩。 Easily confused: "怕" and "恐怕" differ slightly: "恐怕" is more formal and often suggests probability.
  • 常见搭配：怕死（fear of death）、怕麻烦（dislike trouble）、怕冷（afraid of cold）、害怕（be afraid）。 Common collocations: 怕死 (fear of death), 怕麻烦 (dislike trouble), 怕冷 (afraid of cold), 害怕 (to be afraid).

文化提示： “怕”字表达的情感丰富，用于表达畏惧心理和对未来情况的担忧，也是日常口语高频词。 Cultural note: "怕" is frequently used in daily conversation to express a variety of worries or fears about situations or outcomes.

* 注：关于该字的甲骨文象形分析，目前公开资料较为有限。 * Note: Oracle bone script analysis of this character is limited in current published resources.

汉字"怕"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

1/ 引申义与本义的词性不同，前者不及物，后者及物； 2/ "明天怕不会下雨吧？""我看他恐怕不会来了"，这两个"恐怕"都是口语的随性用法，两个"恐怕"中的"怕"，都是"恐"的意思，担心，其正式表述应该是"我担心明天不会下雨吧？

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