学习汉字 "痰" (tán) - Learn Chinese Character "痰"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 呼吸道分泌的黏液，通常为咳嗽时从口中咳出的液体，即“痰液”。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): phlegm; mucus produced in the respiratory tract, often coughed up.

“痰”主要用于指呼吸道分泌的黏液，常用于医学、日常用语中，如“咳痰”“清痰”。有时用于比喻言语或话语（如“痰语”），但主要意义固定。 Mainly refers to mucus or phlegm produced in the respiratory tract, commonly used in medical and daily contexts such as 'coughing up phlegm' (咳痰) or 'clearing phlegm' (清痰). Rarely, it may appear in metaphorical contexts but its meaning is generally fixed.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“痰”字的左边“疒”表示与疾病、身体有关，右边“炎”代表炎症、内热。整个字结构形象地指因身体炎症等疾病产生的分泌物，即痰。The left component '疒' signifies illness or something related to the body, while the right component '炎' represents inflammation or internal heat. The whole character thus vividly denotes a bodily secretion resulting from inflammation or illness—that is, phlegm.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指呼吸系统中因病或炎症产生的黏液。Similar to modern meaning; mainly refers to mucus in the respiratory system caused by illness or inflammation.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“痰”字最早由“疒”和“炎”组成，“疒”表示疾病、身体有关，“炎”本意为火，引申为热、炎症。两个部件合起来，表达体内因炎症或病症而产生的分泌物，即痰。The character '痰' is composed of the radical '疒', which denotes illness or something related to the body, and '炎', which originally means 'fire' and extends to the meanings of heat or inflammation. Together, they convey the idea of a secretion produced in the body due to inflammation or disease—that is, phlegm.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中未见“痰”字，古人直接描述症状或用其他字表达。“痰”属于较晚出现的合体字。 The character '痰' does not appear in Oracle Bone Script; ancient Chinese described symptoms directly or used other characters. '痰' is a compound character that appeared later.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中也未见独立的“痰”字，仍以其他方式表达相关意义。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the independent character '痰' was still not present; related concepts were expressed by other means.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆时期“痰”字开始定形，由“疒”字旁和“炎”组成，更具结构性，显示病与炎症含义。 In Small Seal Script, the character '痰' began to take its present form, composed of the '疒' radical and '炎', structurally representing the association with illness and inflammation.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中“痰”字结构变得更加方正，部件分明，易于书写。 In Clerical Script, '痰' became more square in structure, with clear components, making it easier to write.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中，“痰”字与常见写法一致，上左为疒，右为炎，结构规范。 In modern Regular Script, '痰' follows the standard structure: the '疒' radical on the upper left, and '炎' on the right, with a regular, normative style.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

咳痰 (to cough up phlegm)

kétán

他最近一直咳痰，可能感冒了。

Pinyin: Tā zuìjìn yīzhí kétán, kěnéng gǎnmào le.

Eng: He has been coughing up phlegm recently; he might have caught a cold.

清痰 (to clear or expel phlegm)

qīngtán

医生建议他每天多喝水，有助于清痰。

Pinyin: Yīshēng jiànyì tā měi tiān duō hē shuǐ, yǒu zhù yú qīngtán.

Eng: The doctor advised him to drink more water every day, which helps to clear phlegm.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: crachat; mucus (respiratoire)
German: der Schleim (aus den Atemwegen), der Auswurf
Spanish: flema; esputo
Italian: espettorato; catarro
Portuguese: muco; catarro
Russian: мокрота; слизь
Arabic: البلغم
Persian: خلط سینه
Dutch: slijm; fluim
Polish: flegma; plwocina
Vietnamese: đờm
Ukrainian: мокротиння; слиз

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "痰" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "痰" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "痰字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "痰 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "痰") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

痰，拼音tán，是一个名词，主要指呼吸道分泌、由口或鼻排出的粘稠液体，即“痰”。痰 (pinyin: tán) is a noun, mainly meaning the sticky mucus secreted by the respiratory tract and discharged from the mouth or nose, i.e., "phlegm".

字源与演变：“痰”字左边是“疒（病）”表示与疾病有关，右边“炎”指炎症或火热之意，整体含义与疾病、发炎导致的分泌物相关。 Etymology: The left part "疒" relates to illness, and the right part "炎" suggests inflammation or heat, highlighting that "痰" is linked to disease and inflammatory secretions.
常用词语：如“痰厥”（中风引起的昏倒）、“痰火”（中医术语，指体内因痰湿与火热郁结）、“痰沫”（带痰的唾沫）。 Common collocations: e.g., "痰厥" (coma due to stroke in traditional medicine), "痰火" (phlegm-fire syndrome in Chinese medicine), "痰沫" (phlegm-laden saliva).
易混淆点：“痰”常与“唾液”（saliva）混淆，但痰更偏指生病状态下的分泌物。 Common mistake: "痰" is often confused with "唾液" (saliva), but "痰" specifically refers to mucus linked to illness.
文化背景：在中医学中，痰不仅仅指物理分泌物，也泛指各种体内“浊气”或“湿气”的病理产物。 Cultural note: In traditional Chinese medicine, "痰" not only indicates the physical mucus but also refers to pathological products like "turbid qi" or "dampness" in the body.

暂无该字的具体甲骨文或金文形象信息。 There is currently insufficient information on its specific oracle bone or bronze script forms.

```

痰字形演变字源_汉字「痰」_痰的甲骨文_痰的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

痰的解释|痰的意思|汉典"痰"字的基本解释 - 漢典

痰 tán 〈名〉呼吸道分泌而由口、鼻腔排出的粘液 [phlegm] 。如:痰厥(中风不省人事);痰诞(痰与口水。偏指痰);痰沫(带痰的唾沫);痰病，痰气(中医指精神性疾病);痰火，痰症(中医术语)

痰