基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 率有两个主要意思:一是“带领、统领、引导”;二是“比率、比例”。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): Two main meanings: 1) to lead or command; 2) ratio, rate, proportion.

“率”作动词常读作“shuài”,意思是带头、引领,如“率队”“率先”。作名词或数词时常读作“lǜ”,表示比率、比例,如“出生率”“失业率”。现代汉语中,需根据词性和语境区分读音和用法。 '率' is pronounced 'shuài' when used as a verb meaning 'to lead' (e.g., '率队', to lead a team; '率先', to take the lead). When referring to ratio or proportion, it is pronounced 'lǜ' (e.g., '出生率', birth rate; '失业率', unemployment rate). It's important to distinguish the pronunciation and usage in modern Chinese by context.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“率”是会意字。上部像头戴羽饰的领导,下部为“糸”(丝),表示引领绳索,引申为带领、统率。后来又以“率”为比率的意思,因‘带领’之意引伸出‘一部分与整体的关系’。'率' is a compound ideogram. The top part resembles a leader with feathered ornaments, and the lower part is '糸' (silk/thread), indicating leading a rope. This evolved to mean 'to lead' or 'command.' Later, '率' also came to mean 'ratio,' extending from the idea of 'a part relative to the whole.'

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中,“率”多用作“带领、统帅”的意思,与现代‘shuài’用法相近。偶有用作‘常常、经常’、‘大致’等,如“率然而生”。In Classical Chinese, '率' was mostly used to mean 'to lead or command,' similar to the modern usage 'shuài.' Occasionally, it also meant 'often' or 'roughly,' as in '率然而生' ('arising spontaneously').

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“率”字最早见于甲骨文,其原始形态像一个头戴羽毛装饰的人,意为首领,后来逐渐演变为带领、统率之意。随着社会的发展,又引申出“比率”“比例”等含义。The character '率' first appeared in oracle bone script, where its shape resembled a person with feathered ornaments on the head, indicating a leader or chief. Over time, it evolved to represent 'to lead' or 'command.' With the development of society, it further extended to mean 'ratio' or 'proportion.'

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“率”像人形,上部为头戴羽饰,象征首领人物,强调带领之义。 In oracle bone script, '率' resembles a human figure with feathered headwear, symbolizing a leader and highlighting the meaning of commanding or leading.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文的“率”字结构更复杂,上部羽饰更清晰,表现出首领权威的形象。 In bronze inscriptions, the structure of '率' became more complex, with clearer feather ornaments on top, representing the authority of a leader.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“率”的结构趋于规范,上下分明,下部出现“又”形,增添引导动作的意味。 In small seal script, '率' becomes more standardized and orderly, with the lower part resembling the '又' (hand), implying the action of leading.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“率”的笔画趋扁平化,符号化增强,结构简明,方便书写。 In clerical script, the strokes of '率' become flatter and more stylized, with a simplified structure for easier writing.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“率”结构清晰,各部件分明,便于识别和书写。 In modern regular script, '率' has a clear and distinct structure, making it easy to recognize and write.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

效率 (efficiency)

xiào lǜ

我们要提高工作效率。

Pinyin: Wǒmen yào tígāo gōngzuò xiàolǜ.

Eng: We need to improve work efficiency.

比率 (ratio, rate)

bǐ lǜ

男女性别比率为1:1。

Pinyin: Nán nǚ xìngbié bǐlǜ wèi yī bǐ yī.

Eng: The gender ratio of male to female is 1:1.

率领 (to lead, to command)

shuài lǐng

他率领团队完成了任务。

Pinyin: Tā shuàilǐng tuánduì wánchéngle rènwu.

Eng: He led the team to complete the task.

速率 (speed, rate (esp. in physics))

sù lǜ

光的传播速率非常快。

Pinyin: Guāng de chuánbō sùlǜ fēicháng kuài.

Eng: The propagation speed of light is very fast.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

以身作则,率先垂范 yǐ shēn zuò zé, shuài xiān chuí fàn

Meaning: To set an example by one's own actions; to lead by example.

古时有位明君,总是自己做表率,带头做好事,因此百姓也纷纷效仿,社会风气良好。“率先垂范”形容带头做榜样,引导他人。 In ancient times, a wise ruler always set an example by his own actions, taking the lead in doing good deeds. As a result, people followed his example and society thrived. '率先垂范' means to lead by example and serve as a model for others.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: diriger (verbe) ; taux, ratio
  • German: leiten, führen; Rate, Verhältnis
  • Spanish: dirigir, liderar; tasa, proporción
  • Italian: guidare, condurre; tasso, rapporto
  • Portuguese: liderar; taxa, proporção
  • Russian: вести, руководить; процент, коэффициент
  • Arabic: قيادة؛ معدل، نسبة
  • Persian: رهبری کردن؛ نرخ، نسبت
  • Dutch: leiden, aanvoeren; tarief, verhouding
  • Polish: prowadzić, przewodzić; wskaźnik, proporcja
  • Vietnamese: dẫn dắt, lãnh đạo; tỷ lệ
  • Ukrainian: вести, очолювати; показник, коефіцієнт

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "率") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“率”字简介: “率”最初的本义为用来捕鸟的网或绳索,甲骨文形象表现为绞丝及绳索。甲骨文字形中间像丝绳,两边为辅助,后来的字形也保留了这一结构。 About “率”: The original meaning of “率” is a net or rope used to catch birds. Its ancient form visually represents twisted silk or rope, with structural elements showing a net and its handles.

  • 引申含义:从捆绑绳索、网罗的本义,引申为“率领”(to lead)、“表率”(an example, model)、“遵循”(to follow)、以及“比率/比例”(ratio, rate)等义项。 Extended Meanings: From its original sense, “率” extends to meanings such as “to lead,” “an example, model,” “to follow,” and “rate, ratio.”
  • 常用词/成语: 比如“率领”(to lead),“表率”(role model),和“胜率”(win rate)、“出率”(output rate)等。 Common words/phrases: Examples include “率领” (to lead), “表率” (role model), “胜率” (win rate), and “出率” (output rate).
  • 易混淆:“率”可作名词、动词,也可作名词“比率”,要注意与“帅”(commander)区分。“率”有时与“律”(law, rule)通用(如古文)。 Confusable Points: “率” can be a verb, noun (“rate”), or refer to a leader (similar to “帅”). Sometimes, in classical Chinese, it is used interchangeably with “律” (law/rule).

趣味文化: 汉字“率”起源于古人狩猎,字形含深厚历史,常见于成语如“以身作则,率先垂范”(to set an example)。 Cultural Interest: The character “率” originated from ancient hunting practice, its shape preserves rich historical symbolism and features in idioms like “率先垂范” (to set a leading example).

【率】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

附 文言版《説文解字》:率,捕鳥畢也。象絲罔,上下其竿柄也。凡率之屬皆从率。 附 白话版《说文解字》:率,捕鸟的网。像丝织的网,是捕鸟网的竿和手柄。所有与率相关的字,都采用"率"作边旁。 文言文名句摘抄 ①名词:用纤绳在河岸拉船 shuài。

「率」为什么有两个截然不同的读音和含义? - 知乎

「 率 」的 甲文字形 ,中有绞丝、旁有四点,应是象绳索之形。 延至 战国文字 ,在其上下各加「十」字状的饰笔,后承袭演化至今。. 「率」的本义是绳索。由此引申出率领、遵循之类的含义,作名词讲时,又指将领、表率,在此义上同「 帅 」。 又引申出法度之义,通「 律 」,又表示比率。

更多图片 (率 More Images) ()