狼

Pinyin: láng | Core Meaning: A medium-sized animal of the canine family, known as the wolf; can also refer metaphorically to a cruel or greedy person.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 一种中型动物，属于犬科，性凶猛，通常指灰狼；也可引申指性格恶劣或贪婪的人。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): A medium-sized animal of the canine family, known as the wolf; can also refer metaphorically to a cruel or greedy person.

“狼”在现代汉语中主要指狼这种动物，也常用于比喻残忍、贪婪或具有攻击性的人，如“狼性”、“狼心狗肺”。常见搭配有“狼群”、“狼狗”、“豺狼”。 In modern Chinese, '狼' mainly refers to the wolf, but it is also used metaphorically to describe someone cruel, greedy, or aggressive. Common collocations include 'wolf pack' (狼群), 'wolfdog' (狼狗), and idioms like 'wolfish nature'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“狼”是形声字，左边的“犭”（犬字旁）表示与动物狗类有关，右边的“良”为声旁，表音。整体结构表现出这是与狗相关的一种动物，指狼。'狼' is a phono-semantic compound character. The left part '犭' (the dog radical) suggests its relation to canines, while the right part '良' provides the pronunciation (phonetic). The overall structure indicates an animal similar to a dog—namely, the wolf.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指狼这种动物，有时用于比喻贪婪凶恶的人。Similar to modern meaning—mainly denotes the animal wolf, and sometimes figuratively describes a greedy or vicious person.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“狼”字最早见于商代晚期的甲骨文，本义为野生的食肉动物。古时的人们观察到狼的外貌和习性，因此创制了表示其特征的字形。后来逐步演变为现在的写法。The character '狼' first appeared in late Shang dynasty oracle bone inscriptions, originally meaning the wild carnivorous animal. Ancient people created the character based on the wolf’s appearance and behavior, and it gradually evolved into its modern form.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“狼”字形较为复杂，部分像动物的侧面形状，并可见“犬”部首的简化形态。 In the Oracle Bone Script, the form of '狼' is relatively complex, resembling the side profile of an animal with a simplified 'dog' radical.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“狼”保留了犬的部首，整体更为圆润，动物的特征更突出。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '狼' retains the 'dog' radical and has a rounder structure, highlighting the animal characteristics.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“狼”笔画纤细流畅，结构标准化，“犬”部与“良”部组合更加规范。 In Small Seal Script, '狼' is written with slender and smooth strokes. The combination of the 'dog' radical and the 'liang' part becomes standardized.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时期“狼”的结构变得扁平，书写线条更有装饰性，已接近现代字形。 In Clerical Script, '狼' becomes more flattened, with decorative strokes, close to the modern character's appearance.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“狼”由“犭”（犬旁）和“良”组成，结构稳定，便于识别。 In modern Regular Script, '狼' is composed of the 'dog' radical (犭) and the 'liang' (良) component, with a stable and easily recognizable structure.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

狼群 (wolf pack)

láng qún

草原上出现了一群狼群。

Pinyin: Cǎoyuán shàng chūxiàn le yī qún láng qún.

Eng: A pack of wolves appeared on the grassland.

狼心狗肺 (cruel and unscrupulous (literally: wolf's heart and dog's lungs))

láng xīn gǒu fèi

他做出这种狼心狗肺的事情，真让人寒心。

Pinyin: Tā zuòchū zhè zhǒng láng xīn gǒu fèi de shìqíng, zhēn ràng rén hánxīn.

Eng: It's chilling to see him do such a heartless and cruel thing.

豺狼 (jackals and wolves (ferocious animals; often used metaphorically for cruel people))

chái láng

古人常用“豺狼”比喻残暴之人。

Pinyin: Gǔrén cháng yòng 'chái láng' bǐyù cánbào zhī rén.

Eng: Ancient people often used 'jackals and wolves' to refer to vicious people.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

狼狈为奸 láng bèi wéi jiān

Meaning: to collude in doing evil (literally: wolf and jackal working together)

“狼狈为奸”原指狼与狈（一种传说中的动物）互相勾结，后来比喻坏人互相勾结，共同做坏事。 '狼狈为奸' originally referred to the wolf and a legendary creature called 'bei' cooperating with each other. Later, it came to mean bad people colluding to do evil things together.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: loup
  • German: Wolf
  • Spanish: lobo
  • Italian: lupo
  • Portuguese: lobo
  • Russian: волк
  • Arabic: ذئب
  • Persian: گرگ
  • Dutch: wolf
  • Polish: wilk
  • Vietnamese: sói
  • Ukrainian: вовк

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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网络参考 (Web References for "狼") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与字源：“狼”（拼音：láng）是常用汉字，最早见于商代甲骨文。它是形声字，“犬”表意，表示与犬类有关的动物；“良”表声。原意指一种形似狗但更凶猛的野生动物——狼。Core meaning & origin: The character "狼" (láng) is a common Chinese character, first found in oracle bone inscriptions from the Shang Dynasty. It is a phono-semantic compound—“犬” indicates relation to dogs/animals, “良” provides the sound. It originally refers to the wolf, a wild animal similar to a dog but more ferocious.

文化背景与词语用法：“狼”常带有负面意义，用来形容凶狠、残忍。相关成语如“狼子野心”（指野心勃勃、凶狠的人）和“狼心狗肺”（指心肠狠毒），大多数带有贬义。在含义、发音上容易和“琅”（láng，玉石明亮）混淆，但两者无关。Cultural background & usage: "狼" often has negative connotations, describing cruelty or ferocity. Common idioms include "狼子野心" ("wild, wolfish ambition") and "狼心狗肺" ("cruel and heartless"). Be careful not to confuse "狼" (wolf) with "琅" (láng, meaning 'bright jade'), as they look and sound similar but have different meanings.

  • 常用词语： 狼群（wolf pack）、灰狼（gray wolf）、狼狈（形容尴尬或窘迫）。Common words: 狼群 (láng qún, wolf pack), 灰狼 (huī láng, gray wolf), 狼狈 (láng bèi, awkward/embarrassed—originally refers to wolves and badgers together).

信息完整性说明：目前"狼"的起源、文化和常见表达较为明确，没有发现信息匮乏或不准确的问题。Note on completeness: Information on the origin, usage, and related words of "狼" is sufficient and reliable.

汉字"狼"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录7747条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... 琅：玉器玉石晶莹剔透，反射出明亮的光耀。狼字，很大可能就是造字出来描述一种似狗但是凶猛残忍的野兽。 ...

狼（汉语文字）_百度百科

狼（拼音：láng）是汉语一级通用汉字（常用字）。此字始见于商代甲骨文，形声字，古字形从犬良声。狼指一种野兽，形似狗，常群居。狼性情凶残，故又引申为凶狠，由"狼"构成的语词，多含贬义，如狼子野心、狼心狗肺等。（基本信息主要来源：《新华写字字典第2版》、汉典网）

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